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Rights transfers in Madagascar biodiversity policies: achievements and significance

机译：马达加斯加生物多样性政策中的权利转让：成就和意义

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摘要

Decentralization and people's participation have been key features of government environmental policy since the 1990s. In Madagascar, the policy of Secured Local Management of Natural Resources, known as the GELOSE act, has created a framework for the transfer of rights from central government to local communities. This article analyses the practical implementation of this policy by focusing on the nature of the rights transferred and on the nature of the contracts and incentives developed. The Aghion and Tirole model for allocation of formal and real authority in an organization is used to shed light on the contractual definition process and on the trade-offs between giving responsibilities to local communities and losing control over natural resources management. It is shown that a congruence of interests between the parties is crucial for effective delegation of authority to local communities and that this congruence may emerge in relation to the transfer of exclusion rights.
机译：自1990年代以来，权力下放和人民参与一直是政府环境政策的主要特征。在马达加斯加，有担保的自然资源地方管理政策（称为GELOSE法案）为权利从中央政府向地方社区的转移创建了框架。本文通过关注转让权利的性质以及所制定的合同和激励措施的性质来分析该政策的实际执行情况。用于在组织中分配正式和实际权限的Aghion和Tirole模型用于阐明合同定义过程以及在将责任赋予当地社区与失去对自然资源管理的控制之间的权衡取舍。事实表明，当事方之间的利益一致对于有效地将权力下放给地方社区至关重要，而且这种一致可能与排斥权的转移有关。

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