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Environmental Labelling and Consumption Changes: A Food Choice Experiment

机译：环境标签和消费变化：食品选择实验

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摘要

This study examines how environment-related food labels affect shopping behaviour. Using an experimental store consisting of nearly 300 available food items, we observe the food purchases of consumers before and after each product is tagged with one of three environmental labels: single traffic lights, multiple traffic lights and the kilometric format. The kilometric format indicates the greenhouse gas emissions for each product by indicating the equivalent number of kilometres driven by an average car. The other two formats are based on the traffic-light rating system used for nutrients by the British Food Standard Agency. Multiple traffic lights present three traffic lights simultaneously: one each for greenhouse gas emissions, water eutrophication and air acidity. The single traffic light label displays one unique traffic light for greenhouse gas emissions. All three types of environmental labels lead consumers to purchase more environmentally friendly food baskets (i.e., significant decreases in carbon dioxide, nitrogen and sulfur dioxide emissions). Labelling, however, does not affect the price of selected food baskets (in Euros per 100g) or their nutritional content. By generating more product substitutions between unlabelled and labelled baskets, multiple traffic lights are more effective in reducing GHG emissions, eutrophication and acidification.
机译：本研究探讨了与环境有关的食物标签如何影响购物行为。使用由近300种可用的食品组成的实验商店，我们在每个产品之前和之后观察消费者的食物购买，其中包括三个环境标签之一：单一红绿灯，多个红绿灯和公里格式。公里的格式指示每种产品的温室气体排放，通过指示平均汽车驱动的相当数量的公里。另外两种格式基于英国食品标准机构用于营养素的红绿灯评级系统。多个红绿灯同时显示三个红绿灯：每个用于温室气体排放，水富营养化和空气酸度。单一交通灯标签显示温室气体排放的一个独特的红绿灯。所有三种类型的环境标签引领消费者购买更多环保的食物篮（即，二氧化碳，氮和二氧化硫排放中的显着降低）。然而，标签不会影响所选食物篮的价格（每100g欧元）或其营养含量。通过在未标记和标记的篮子之间产生更多的产品替代品，多个红绿灯更有效地降低GHG排放，富营养化和酸化。

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