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Controlling Episodic Air Pollution with a Seasonal Gas Tax: The Case of Cache Valley, Utah

机译：用季节性汽油税控制突发性空气污染：以犹他州卡什山谷为例

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摘要

Using daily data spanning 10 years, we establish a statistical relationship between episodic particulate-matter (PM2.5) concentrations and vehicle trips in Cache Valley, Utah, and estimate an average gas-price elasticity for the region. We also estimate the benefits and costs associated with a seasonal gas tax set to reduce vehicle trips during the winterinversion season and thereby lower health costs through concomitant decreases in the PM2.5 concentrations. We find a strong positive relationship between vehicle trips reduced and associated reductions in PM2.5 concentrations. Further, we estimate a mean gas price elasticity of approximately -0.3 in what we call a " high price variability environment." Incorporating these results, cost-benefit analysis suggests that the social net benefit for Cache Valley associated with the imposition of a seasonal gas tax during the winter-inversion season is highly dependent upon the type of benefit estimation method used.
机译：我们使用10年间的每日数据，建立了犹他州Cache Valley的偶发性颗粒物（PM2.5）浓度与车辆出行之间的统计关系，并估算了该地区的平均汽油价格弹性。我们还估计了与季节性汽油税相关的收益和成本，以减少在冬季倒车季节期间的车辆出行，从而通过同时降低PM2.5浓度来降低健康成本。我们发现减少的车辆出行与相关的PM2.5浓度降低之间存在很强的正相关关系。此外，在所谓的“高价格波动环境”下，我们估计平均汽油价格弹性约为-0.3。结合这些结果，成本效益分析表明，在冬季反季节期间，加征喀什谷地的社会净收益与征收季节性天然气税有关，在很大程度上取决于所采用的收益估算方法的类型。

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