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Eco-Efficiency and Convergence in OECD Countries

机译:经合组织国家的生态效率和融合

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摘要

This paper assesses the convergence in eco-efficiency of a group of 22 OECD countries over the period 1980-2008. In doing so, three air pollutants representing the impact on the environment of economic activities are considered, namely, carbon dioxide (CO_2), nitrogen oxides (NO_x) and sulphur oxides (SO_x); furthermore, eco-efficiency scores at both country and air-pollutant-specific level are computed using Data Envelopment Analysis techniques. Then, convergence is evaluated using the recent approach by Phillips and Sul Econometrica 75:1771-1855 (2007), which tests for the existence of convergence groups. First, we find that eco-efficiency has improved over the period, with the exception of NO_x emissions. Second, Switzerland is the most eco-efficient country, followed by some Scandinavian economies, such as Sweden, Iceland, Norway and Denmark. In contrast, Southern European countries such as Portugal, Spain and Greece, in addition to Hungary, Turkey, Canada and the United States, are among the worst performers. Finally, we find that both the most eco-efficient countries and the worst tend to form clubs of convergence.
机译:本文评估了1980-2008年间22个经合组织国家在生态效率上的趋同。在此过程中,考虑了三种代表对经济活动环境的影响的空气污染物,即二氧化碳(CO_2),氮氧化物(NO_x)和硫氧化物(SO_x);此外,使用数据包络分析技术计算了国家和特定于空气污染物的水平的生态效率得分。然后,使用Phillips和Sul Econometrica 75:1771-1855(2007)的最新方法评估收敛性,该方法测试收敛组的存在。首先,我们发现除了NO_x排放量外,这段时期的生态效率有所提高。其次,瑞士是生态效率最高的国家,其次是一些斯堪的纳维亚经济体,例如瑞典,冰岛,挪威和丹麦。相反,除了匈牙利,土耳其,加拿大和美国之外,葡萄牙,西班牙和希腊等南欧国家也是表现最差的国家。最后,我们发现,生态效率最高的国家和最差的国家都倾向于形成融合俱乐部。

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