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Public-good valuation and infra-family allocation

机译：公益物评估和家庭内部分配

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摘要

I derive values of marginal changes in a public good for two-person households, measured alternatively by household member i's willingness to pay (WTP) for the good on behalf of the household, WTP_i; (H), or by the sum of individual WTP values across family members, WTP(C). Households are assumed to allocate their resources in efficient Nash bargains over private and common household goods. WTP_i(H) is then defined by trade-offs between the public good and the household good, and WTP(C) by trade-offs of between the public good and private goods. WTP_i(H) is found to be higher (lower) than WTP(C) when member i has a relatively high (low) marginal valuation of the public good, but tends on average to equal WTP(C). As a consequence, individuals tend to represent households correctly on average when questioned about the household's WTP for a public good, even when they are purely selfish and answer truthfully. Adding all members' WTP answers on behalf of the household then leads to double counting. Pure and paternalistic altruism (the latter attached to consumption of the public good) move each member's WTP on behalf of the household closer to the true sum of individual WTP, but only paternalistic altruism raises this sum.
机译：我得出两人家庭的公共物品边际变化的价值，或者通过家庭成员i代表家庭支付商品的意愿（WTP_i）来衡量。 （H），或家庭成员中各个WTP值的总和，即WTP（C）。假设家庭将有效的纳什交易资源分配给私人和普通家庭用品。然后，WTP_i（H）由公共物品和家庭物品之间的权衡决定，而WTP（C）由公共物品和私人物品之间的权衡决定。当成员i对公共物品的边际估值相对较高（低）时，发现WTP_i（H）比WTP（C）高（低），但平均而言趋向于等于WTP（C）。结果，当被问及家庭的公共利益WTP时，个人倾向于平均正确地代表家庭，即使他们纯粹是自私的并且如实回答。代表住户添加所有成员的WTP答案，然后导致重复计算。纯粹的家长式利他主义（后者与公共物品的消费联系在一起）使每个成员代表家庭的WTP接近个人WTP的真实总和，但是只有家长式利他主义才提高了这一总和。

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