Economic Valuation of Health for Environmental Policy: Comparing Alternative Approaches. Introduction and Overview

MARK DICKIE; JOHN LIST

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Economic Valuation of Health for Environmental Policy: Comparing Alternative Approaches. Introduction and Overview

机译：环境政策对健康的经济价值评估：比较替代方法。简介与概述

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Protecting human health is a primary goal of environmental policy and economic evaluation of health can help policy-makers judge the relative worth of alternative actions. Economists use two distinct approaches in normatively evaluating health. Whereas environmental economists use benefit-cost analysis supported by monetary valuation in terms of willingness-to-pay, health economists evaluate interventions based on cost-effectiveness or cost-utility analysis (CEA), using quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) or similar indexes. This paper provides background on the controversy about the relative merits of these approaches and introduces the remaining papers in the special issue. These papers (with one exception) were presented at a conference sponsored by the Department of Economics at the University of Central Florida with support from the US Environmental Protection Agency. Although CEA might not lead to substantially different implications for environmental policy than benefit-cost analysis, and QALY may provide a benefit transfer tool to fill gaps in the morbidity valuation literature, the papers in this issue raise serious concerns about the suitability of QALY-based CEA for environmental regulatory analysis. QALY does not in general appropriately represent individual preferences for health and CEA is neither independent of income distribution nor adequate to assess efficiency.

机译：保护人类健康是环境政策的主要目标，对健康的经济评估可以帮助决策者判断替代措施的相对价值。经济学家在规范性评估健康状况时使用两种截然不同的方法。尽管环境经济学家使用支付意愿来进行货币估值支持的收益成本分析，但卫生经济学家使用质量调整生命年（QALY）或成本效益或成本效用分析（CEA）来评估干预措施相似的指标。本文提供了关于这些方法的相对优点的争论的背景，并介绍了本期特刊中的其余论文。这些论文（有一个例外）是在美国环境保护署的支持下在中佛罗里达大学经济系主办的会议上发表的。尽管CEA对环境政策的影响可能不及收益成本分析，而且QALY可能提供一种收益转移工具来填补发病率评估文献中的空白，但本期论文对基于QALY的适用性提出了严重关注。 CEA用于环境法规分析。 QALY通常不能恰当地代表个人对健康的偏好，而CEA既不独立于收入分配，也不足以评估效率。

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来源
《Environmental & Resource Economics》 |2006年第3期|p.339-346|共8页
作者
MARK DICKIE; JOHN LIST;
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作者单位

Department of Economics, University of Central Florida, 161400, Orlando, FL, 32826, USA;

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原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
中图分类资源经济学;
关键词
benefit-cost analysis; cost-effectiveness analysis; environmental policy; quality adjusted life years; regulatory analysis; value of a statistical life; willingness to pay;

机译：效益成本分析;成本效益分析;环境政策;质量调整寿命年;监管分析;统计寿命值;支付意愿;

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Economic Valuation of Health for Environmental Policy: Comparing Alternative Approaches. Introduction and Overview

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