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Barriers and triggers to community participation across different stages of conservation management

机译：在保护管理的不同阶段，社区参与的障碍和触发因素

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摘要

Local community involvement in natural resource management can be critical to conservation success. Community participation in conservation efforts varies widely, reflecting a continuum from pro tectionist conservation mechanisms to programmes driven by local communities. Conservation is not one event, but an iterative process with many steps (planning, implementation, monitoring) each with an opportunity for different levels of participation. Barriers and triggers to more community involvement in management of the Cordillera Azul National Park (Peru) were examined. Eleven conservation officials and 73 community members provided information on levels of participation achieved at three management stages: Park establishment, management plan development, and management implementation. Park establishment was not a participatory process, owing to the expediency of the conservation agenda and a narrow window of political opportunity. Community involvement increased during the management plan development and its implementation, with communities eager to participate and a public-private partnership introducing new participatory management tools. However, a perceived lack of capacity in terms of community skills, funding availability, time and sufficient conservation personnel, and the definitions of participation used by different stakeholders, limited community involvement in decision-making processes. If conservation is to achieve more effective community involvement, long-term adaptive co management approaches are needed that clearly define local participation, build capacity of all stakeholders and monitor levels of participation across all stages of project management.
机译：当地社区参与自然资源管理对于保护成功至关重要。社区对保护工作的参与差异很大，反映了从保护主义者的保护机制到地方社区推动的计划的连续性。保护不是一件大事，而是一个迭代过程，其中包含许多步骤（计划，实施，监控），每个步骤都有机会参与不同级别的活动。考察了阻碍社区更多地参与科尔迪埃拉阿祖尔国家公园（秘鲁）管理的障碍和诱因。 11位保护官员和73位社区成员提供了有关在三个管理阶段所达到的参与水平的信息：公园建立，管理计划制定和管理实施。由于保护议程的便利性和狭窄的政治机会窗口，建立公园不是一个参与性的过程。在制定和实施管理计划期间，社区的参与有所增加，社区渴望参与，并且公私伙伴关系引入了新的参与性管理工具。但是，在社区技能，资金可用性，时间和足够的保护人员以及各个利益相关者使用的参与定义方面，人们认为缺乏能力，这限制了社区参与决策过程。如果要通过养护来使社区更有效地参与，就需要长期的适应性联合管理方法，这些方法应明确定义地方参与，建设所有利益相关者的能力并监控项目管理各个阶段的参与水平。

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