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A new approach to the fight against desertification in Inner Mongolia

机译：内蒙古防治荒漠化的新方法

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The world's arid and semi-arid regions are severely affected by desertification. In China, wind erosion, water erosion, soil salinization and the freezing and melting processes have contributed to 2.64 million km~2 of desertified land, covering 27.5% of the country's land surface (State Forestry Administration, Peoples' Republic of China 2005). Although climate change could be a reason for desertification, anthropogenic factors such as overgrazing and overcultivation also contribute to degradation in grassland areas (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment 2005; Zheng et al. 2006). The Chinese government has adopted afforestation as the main measure to control desertification. Major projects, including the 'Three North Shelterbelt Programme' (also known as the 'Green Great Wall') and the 'Sandstorm Source Control Project around Beijing and Tianjin', are necessary to shield northern and eastern agricultural ecosystems against sand and dust (Zhou 2002). However, these countermeasures require substantial effort and investment, and, in the semi-arid and arid regions of Inner Mongolia, newly planted trees have often died of drought, while tree planting could also be responsible for exhausting the precious groundwater resources of these regions (Jackson et al. 2005). Alternative and more practical ways of combating desertification by using multi-disciplinary approaches observing both social and ecological principles are required. The Hunshandake Sandy Land restoration demonstration project conducted by the Chinese Academy of Sciences was an attempt to restore desertified grassland mainly through natural processes, and requiring limited investment.
机译：世界干旱和半干旱地区受到荒漠化的严重影响。在中国，风蚀，水蚀，土壤盐碱化以及冻融过程造成了264万平方公里的荒漠化土地，覆盖了全国27.5％的土地面积（国家林业局，2005）。尽管气候变化可能是荒漠化的原因，但人为因素（例如过度放牧和过度耕种）也导致草原地区的退化（千年生态系统评估，2005年； Zheng等，2006年）。中国政府已将植树造林作为控制荒漠化的主要措施。为保护北部和东部农业生态系统免受沙尘侵害，包括“三北防护林计划”（也称为“绿色长城”）和“北京和天津周边的沙尘源控制项目”在内的重大项目是必要的（周2002）。但是，这些对策需要大量的努力和投资，在内蒙古半干旱和干旱地区，新种植的树木经常因干旱而死亡，而植树造林也可能耗尽这些地区宝贵的地下水资源（ Jackson等（2005）。需要通过遵循社会和生态原则的多学科方法，采取替代性和更实际的方式来防治荒漠化。中国科学院开展的浑善达克沙地恢复示范项目，是通过自然过程恢复沙漠化草原的尝试，需要有限的投资。

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