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Beyond the community: integrating local and scientific knowledge in the formal development approval process in Jamaica

机译：超越社区：将本地知识和科学知识整合到牙买加的正式开发审批流程中

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摘要

Community-based disaster risk management methods routinely include capture of local knowledge which is used to inform community-level risk reduction programmes and development plans. In Jamaica, development planning at the national level has relied historically on scientific knowledge, usually to the exclusion of local knowledge. However, community disaster risk management plans reviewed for this paper show that communities have very clear ideas on the threat posed by hazards, resources at risk from the hazards and ways of reducing the risk. Communities also appreciate the value of cultural and historical sites and are willing to sacrifice development in order to protect and preserve these sites. Such knowledge is valuable for informing risk-sensitive development planning, and should be captured within the formal development approval system. A model is proposed in which community and scientific knowledge can be integrated into the formal development approval process at the national level. The model includes integrating community representatives in technical committee reviews, capturing local knowledge through community consultations and subjecting community knowledge to validation prior to its use. Successful implementation of this model should result in more accurate field assessments for risk-sensitive development planning as local knowledge provides current, site-specific information. Better risk-sensitive development planning will ultimately lead to reduced exposure to hazards and reduction in losses from the impact of hazards for Jamaica.
机译：基于社区的灾害风险管理方法通常包括捕获本地知识，这些知识可用于为社区一级的减少风险计划和发展计划提供信息。在牙买加，国家一级的发展规划历来依赖于科学知识，通常是将当地知识排除在外。但是，本文所审查的社区灾难风险管理计划表明，社区对于危害所构成的威胁，危害中的风险资源以及降低风险的方法有非常清晰的想法。社区还欣赏文化和历史遗址的价值，并愿意牺牲发展以保护和保存这些遗址。此类知识对于告知风险敏感的开发计划很有价值，应该在正式的开发批准系统中获取。提出了一个模型，在该模型中，可以将社区和科学知识纳入国家一级的正式开发审批流程。该模型包括将社区代表整合到技术委员会的审核中，通过社区协商收集本地知识，并在使用社区知识之前对其进行验证。该模型的成功实施应导致针对风险敏感的开发计划进行更准确的现场评估，因为当地知识可以提供当前的特定于站点的信息。更好的对风险敏感的发展规划最终将减少对牙买加的危害，并减少危害带来的损失。

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