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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental history >Tackling Climate Change, Air Pollution, and Ecosystem Destruction: How US-Japanese Ocean Industrialization and the Metabolist Movement's Global Legacy Shaped Environmental Thought (circa 1950s-Present)
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Tackling Climate Change, Air Pollution, and Ecosystem Destruction: How US-Japanese Ocean Industrialization and the Metabolist Movement's Global Legacy Shaped Environmental Thought (circa 1950s-Present)

机译：应对气候变化，空气污染和生态系统破坏：美日海洋工业化和新陈代谢主义者的全球遗产如何塑造环境思想（大约1950年代至今）

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Over the past decade, experts have discussed the offshore technologies so closely associated with accelerating climate change-namely, offshore oil and gas drilling-as tools for climate action, as was the case at a United Nations roundtable in April 2019. Such experts have frequently used offshore technologies for the construction of flood-resilient floating structures and for zero-carbon energy generation, such as in the case of offshore wind parks, simultaneously tackling the problem of carbon fuel-related air pollution. Such developments draw attention to the intellectual history of ocean industrialization, its driving forces, and related environmental thought. This article examines the intellectual origins of ecomodernism and similar green growth strategies. Using an oceanic perspective and placing the ideas of Japanese star architect and Metabolist movement member Kiyonori Kikutake and US ocean expert John P. Craven at its center, this article argues that their two prototypes of floating industrial combines tested in Hawaii and Okinawa during the early 1970s applied the Japanese Metabolist movement's design principles of mobility, modularity, and plug-in structures to Pacific waters in an effort to decouple ocean industrialization from the destruction of ecosystems. Several of their proto-ecomodernist ideas, born as techno-optimist reactions to neo-Malthusian fears of resource depletion and overpopulation, have become central pillars of ecomodernist thought. As such, their projects turned into the immediate forerunner of current development strategies whose intellectual aim is to continue growth during (or despite) environmental challenges up to the planetary scale.
机译：在过去的十年中，专家们讨论了与加速气候变化密切相关的海上技术-即海上石油和天然气钻井-作为气候行动的工具，就像2019年4月在联合国圆桌会议上那样。这些专家经常例如，在海上风电场的情况下，使用了海上技术来建造具有抗洪能力的浮动结构并产生零碳能源，同时解决了与碳燃料有关的空气污染问题。这些发展引起人们对海洋工业化的思想史，其驱动力以及相关的环境思想的关注。本文考察了生态现代主义和类似的绿色增长战略的知识渊源。本文从海洋角度出发，将日本明星建筑师和新陈代谢运动成员Kiyonori Kikutake和美国海洋专家John P. Craven的思想置于其中心，他们认为这两个漂浮工业联合体的原型是在1970年代初期在夏威夷和冲绳进行测试的将日本代谢运动的移动性，模块化和插入式结构的设计原理应用于太平洋水域，以使海洋工业化与生态系统破坏脱钩。他们的一些原始生态主义者的思想，是对新马尔萨斯式的对资源枯竭和人口过剩的恐惧的技术乐观主义者的反应而诞生的，它们已经成为生态现代主义思想的核心支柱。因此，他们的项目成为当前发展战略的直接先驱，其智力目标是在环境挑战期间（或尽管如此）持续增长，直至达到星球规模。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental history》 |2020年第1期|35-61|共27页
  • 作者

    Huebner Stefan;

  • 作者单位

    Natl Univ Singapore Asia Res Inst Singapore Singapore|Harvard Univ Cambridge MA 02138 USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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