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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Management >A System Method for the Assessment of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) in Mountain Watershed Areas: The Case of the 'Giffre' Watershed (France)
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A System Method for the Assessment of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) in Mountain Watershed Areas: The Case of the 'Giffre' Watershed (France)

机译：山区集水区水资源综合管理评估的系统方法：以“吉菲尔”集水区为例（法国）

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摘要

In the last fifty years, many mountain watersheds in temperate countries have known a progressive change from self-standing agro-silvo-pastoral systems to leisure dominated areas characterized by a concentration of tourist accommodations, leading to a drinking water peak during the winter tourist season, when the water level is lowest in rivers and sources. The concentration of water uses increases the pressure on "aquatic habitats" and competition between uses themselves. Consequently, a new concept was developed following the international conferences in Dublin (International Conference on Water and the Environment - ICWE) and Rio de Janeiro (UN Conference on Environment and Development), both in 1992, and was broadly acknowledged through international and European policies. It is the concept of Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM). It meets the requirements of different uses of water and aquatic zones whilst preserving the natural functions of such areas and ensuring a satisfactory economic and social development. This paper seeks to evaluate a local water resources management system in order to implement it using IWRM in mountain watersheds. The assessment method is based on the systemic approach to take into account all components influencing a water resources management system at the watershed scale. A geographic information system was built to look into interactions between water resources, land uses, and water uses. This paper deals specifically with a spatial comparison between hydrologically sensitive areas and land uses. The method is applied to a French Alps watershed: the Giffre watershed (a tributary of the Arve in Haute-Savoie). The results emphasize both the needs and the gaps in implementing IWRM in vulnerable mountain regions.
机译：在过去的五十年中，温带国家的许多山区流域已逐渐从独立的农林牧草系统转变为以游客住宿为特征的休闲为主的地区，从而导致冬季游客旺季的饮水高峰，当河流和水源中的水位最低时。用水的集中增加了对“水生生境”的压力以及用水本身之间的竞争。因此，在1992年都柏林的国际会议（国际水与环境会议-ICWE）和里约热内卢的会议（联合国环境与发展会议）之后，提出了一个新概念，并得到了国际和欧洲政策的广泛认可。这是综合水资源管理（IWRM）的概念。它在保持水域和水生区域的自然功能并确保令人满意的经济和社会发展的同时，满足了水和水域不同用途的要求。本文旨在评估当地水资源管理系统，以便在山区流域使用IWRM实施该系统。评估方法基于系统性方法，考虑了在流域范围内影响水资源管理系统的所有因素。建立了地理信息系统来研究水资源，土地利用和水资源利用之间的相互作用。本文专门针对水文敏感区与土地利用之间的空间比较。该方法适用于法国阿尔卑斯山的一个分水岭：吉佛尔分水岭（上萨瓦省Arve的支流）。结果强调了在脆弱山区实施水资源综合管理的需要和差距。

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