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Ecological Value of Submerged Breakwaters for Habitat Enhancement on a Residential Scale

机译：淹没式防波堤在居民点规模上的生态价值

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摘要

bstuanne shorelines have been degraded since humans arrived in the coastal zone. In recent history, a major cause of habitat degradation has been the armoring of shorelines with vertical walls to protect property from erosive wave energy; however, a lack of practical alternatives that maintain or enhance ecological function has limited the options of waterfront residents and coastal zone managers. We experimentally investigated the habitat value of two configurations of submerged breakwaters constructed along an eroding shoreline in northwest Mobile Bay, AL (USA). Breakwaters comprised of bagged oyster shell or Reef Ball™ concrete .domes were built by a community-based restoration effort. Post-deployment monitoring found that: bagged oyster breakwaters supported much higher densities of live ribbed mussels than Reef Ball breakwaters; both breakwater configurations supported increased species richness of juvenile and smaller fishes compared to controls; and that larger fishes did not appear to be affected by breakwater presence. Our study demonstrates that ecologically degraded shorelines can be augmented with small-scale breakwaters at reasonable cost and that these complex structures can serve as habitat for filter-feeding bivalves, mobile invertebrates, and young fishes. Understanding the degree to which these structures mitigate erosive wave energy and protect uplands will require a longer time frame than our 2-year-long study.
机译：自从人类到达沿海地区以来，bstuanne海岸线已经退化。在最近的历史中，栖息地退化的一个主要原因是用垂直墙护岸线以保护财产免受侵蚀性波能的侵害。然而，缺乏维持或增强生态功能的实用替代方案，限制了滨水区居民和沿海地区管理者的选择。我们通过实验研究了在美国阿拉巴马州西北莫比尔湾沿侵蚀海岸线建造的两种配置的淹没防波堤的栖息地价值。由袋装牡蛎壳或Reef Ball™混凝土圆顶组成的防波堤是通过社区修复工作建造的。部署后的监测发现：袋装牡蛎防波堤比带礁球防波堤所支撑的带肋贻贝活得多。与对照相比，两种防波堤配置都支持增加幼鱼和较小鱼类的物种丰富度；而且较大的鱼类似乎没有受到防波堤影响。我们的研究表明，可以用合理的成本用小型防波堤来增加生态退化的海岸线，这些复杂的结构可以作为滤食性双壳类动物，无脊椎动物和幼鱼的栖息地。与我们进行为期两年的研究相比，了解这些结构减轻侵蚀波能量和保护高地的程度将需要更长的时间框架。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Management》 |2015年第2期|383-391|共9页
  • 作者

    Steven B. Scyphers; Sean P. Powers; Kenneth L. Heck Jr.;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Marine Sciences, University of South Alabama, 5871 USA Drive North Boulevard, LSCB Room 025, Mobile, AL 36688, USA,Dauphin Island Sea Lab, 101 Bienville Boulevard, Dauphin Island, AL 36528, USA,Department of Marine and Environmental Science, Northeastern University, Marine Science Center, 430 Nahant Road, Nahant, MA 01908, USA;

    Dauphin Island Sea Lab, 101 Bienville Boulevard, Dauphin Island, AL 36528, USA;

    Dauphin Island Sea Lab, 101 Bienville Boulevard, Dauphin Island, AL 36528, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Community-based restoration; Ecosystem engineers; Fisheries; Living shorelines; Oyster reef; Participatory management;

    机译：基于社区的恢复;生态系统工程师;渔业;生活海岸线;牡蛎礁;参与式管理;

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