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The climatology of aerosol optical thickness and radiative effects in Southeast Asia from 18-years of ground-based observations

机译：从18年的地面观测结果，东南亚气溶胶光学厚度和辐射效应的气候学

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摘要

The present study utilizes 18 years of long-term (2001-2018) data collected from six active AERONET sites over the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) and the North China Plain (NCP) areas in Southeast Asia. The annual mean (+/- SD) aerosol optical thickness at 440 nm (AOT(440)) was found high at XiangHe (0.92 +/- 0.69) and Taihu (0.90 +/- 0.51) followed by Beijing (0.81 +/- 0.69), Lahore (0.81 +/- 0.43), and Kanpur (0.73 +/- 0.35) and low at Karachi (0.52 +/- 0.23). Seasonally, high AOT(440) with corresponding high Angstrom exponent (ANG(440-870)) noticed during JJA for all sites, except Kanpur, suggesting the dominance of fine-mode particles, generally associated with large anthropogenic emissions. Climatologically, an increasing (decreasing) trend was observed over IGP (NCP) sites, with the highest (lowest) percentage of departures in AOT(440) found over Beijing (Karachi). We further identified major aerosol types which showed the dominance of biomass burning, urban-industrial followed by the mixed type of aerosols. In addition, single scattering albedo (SSA), asymmetry parameter (ASP), volume size distribution (VSD), and complex aerosol refractive index (RI) showed significant temporal and spectral changes, illustrating the complexity of aerosol types. At last, the annual mean direct aerosol radiative forcing at the top, bottom, and within the atmosphere for all sites were found in the range from -17.36 +/- 3.75 to -45.17 +/- 4.87 W m(-2),-64.6 +/- 4.86 to -93.7 +/- 10.27 W m(-2), and 40.5 +/- 6.43 to 68.25 +/- 7.26 W m(-2), respectively, with an averaged atmospheric heating rate of 0.9-2.3 K day(-1). A large amount of anthropogenic aerosols showed a significant effect of heating (cooling) on the atmosphere (surface) results obviously, due to an increased rate of atmospheric heating. Therefore, the thermodynamic effects of anthropogenic aerosols on the atmospheric circulation and its structure should be taken into consideration for future study over the experimental sites. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：目前的研究利用了来自六个活跃的AeroNet地点的18年的长期（2001-2018）数据，在南亚印度难道平原（IGP）和华北平原（NCP）地区。在Xianghe（0.92 +/- 0.69）和Taihu（0.90 +/- 0.51）之后，在Xianghe（0.92 +/- 0.69）和Taihu（0.90 +/- 0.51）下，发现了440nm（aot（440））的年平均值（+/-sd）气溶胶光学厚度0.69），拉合尔（0.81 +/- 0.43），KANPUR（0.73 +/- 0.35），KARACHI（0.52 +/- 0.23）。季节性，高AOT（440）具有相应的高埃克斯特罗姆指数（Ag（440-870））在JJA期间注意到所有网站，除了Kanpur，表明细模式颗粒的主导地位，通常与大量的人为排放相关。在北京（Karachi）发现的AOT（440）中，对IGP（NCP）位点相比，观察到的IGP（NCP）位点上增加（降低）趋势的增加（最低）百分比。我们进一步确定了主要的气溶胶类型，显示了生物量燃烧，城市工业的优势，其次是混合式气溶胶。另外，单散射Albedo（SSA），不对称参数（ASP），体积尺寸分布（VSD）和复杂的气溶胶折射率（RI）显示出显着的时间和光谱变化，示出了气溶胶类型的复杂性。最后，每年平均直接气溶胶辐射在顶部，底部和大气层内都有在-17.36 +/- 3.75至-45.17 +/- 4.87 w m（-2）的范围内， - 64.6 +/- 4.86至-93.7 +/- 10.27 W m（-2）和40.5 +/- 6.43至68.25 +/- 7.26 W m（-2），平均大气加热速率为0.9-2.3 K天（-1）。由于大气加热速率增加，大量的人为气溶胶显示出显着的加热（表面）对大气（表面）的显着影响结果。因此，应考虑到实验部位的未来研究的致力化气溶胶对大气循环的热力学效应及其结构。 （c）2019 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Pollution》 |2019年第1期|113025.1-113025.14|共14页
  • 作者

    Khan Rehana; Kumar Kanike Raghavendra; Zhao Tianliang;

  • 作者单位

    Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Sch Atmospher Phys Key Lab Aerosol Cloud Precipit China Meteorol Adm Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecas Key Lab Meteorol Disaster Minist Educ KLME Int Jo Nanjing 210044 Jiangsu Peoples R China|Govt Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Higher Educ Dept Phys Peshawar 25000 Pakistan;

    Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Sch Atmospher Phys Key Lab Aerosol Cloud Precipit China Meteorol Adm Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecas Key Lab Meteorol Disaster Minist Educ KLME Int Jo Nanjing 210044 Jiangsu Peoples R China|KL Univ Dept Phys Sch Sci & Humanities Green Fields Campus Guntur 522502 Andhra Pradesh India;

    Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Sch Atmospher Phys Key Lab Aerosol Cloud Precipit China Meteorol Adm Collaborat Innovat Ctr Forecas Key Lab Meteorol Disaster Minist Educ KLME Int Jo Nanjing 210044 Jiangsu Peoples R China;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    Aerosol optical depth; Single scattering albedo; Radiative forcing; AERONET; Southeast Asia;

    机译：气溶胶光学深度;单散射Albedo;辐射强制;AeroNet;东南亚;

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