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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental research >Green spaces are not all the same for the provision of air purification and climate regulation services: The case of urban parks
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Green spaces are not all the same for the provision of air purification and climate regulation services: The case of urban parks

机译：提供空气净化和气候调节服务的绿地并不完全相同：城市公园的情况

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摘要

The growing human population concentrated in urban areas lead to the increase of road traffic and artificial areas, consequently enhancing air pollution and urban heat island effects, among others. These environmental changes affect citizen's health, causing a high number of premature deaths, with considerable social and economic costs. Nature-based solutions are essential to ameliorate those impacts in urban areas. While the mere presence of urban green spaces is pointed as an overarching solution, the relative importance of specific vegetation structure, composition and management to improve the ecosystem services of air purification and climate regulation are overlooked. This avoids the establishment of optimized planning and management procedures for urban green spaces with high spatial resolution and detail. Our aim was to understand the relative contribution of vegetation structure, composition and management for the provision of ecosystem services of air purification and climate regulation in urban green spaces, in particular the case of urban parks. This work was done in a large urban park with different types of vegetation surrounded by urban areas. As indicators of microclimatic effects and of air pollution levels we selected different metrics: lichen diversity and pollutants accumulation in lichens. Among lichen diversity, functional traits related to nutrient and water requirements were used as surrogates of the capacity of vegetation to filter air pollution and to regulate climate, and provide air purification and climate regulation ecosystem services, respectively. This was also obtained with very high spatial resolution which allows detailed spatial planning for optimization of ecosystem services. We found that vegetation type characterized by a more complex structure (trees, shrubs and herbaceous layers) and by the absence of management (pruning, irrigation and fertilization) had a higher capacity to provide the ecosystems services of air purification and climate regulation. By contrast, lawns, which have a less complex structure and are highly managed, were associated to a lower capacity to provide these services. Tree plantations showed an intermediate effect between the other two types of vegetation. Thus, vegetation structure, composition and management are important to optimize green spaces capacity to purify air and regulate climate. Taking this into account green spaces can be managed at high spatial resolutions to optimize these ecosystem services in urban areas and contribute to improve human well-being.
机译：越来越多的人口集中在城市地区，这导致道路交通和人工区域的增加，从而加剧了空气污染和城市热岛效应等。这些环境变化影响公民的健康，导致大量的过早死亡，并造成相当大的社会和经济损失。基于自然的解决方案对于缓解城市地区的影响至关重要。虽然仅将城市绿色空间作为存在的总体解决方案，但忽略了特定植被结构，组成和管理对于改善空气净化和气候调节的生态系统服务的相对重要性。这避免了为具有高空间分辨率和细节的城市绿地建立优化的规划和管理程序。我们的目的是了解植被结构，组成和管理在提供城市绿地中的空气净化和气候调节的生态系统服务方面的相对贡献，特别是在城市公园的情况下。这项工作是在一个大型的城市公园中进行的，该公园的市区周围有不同类型的植被。作为微气候影响和空气污染水平的指标，我们选择了不同的指标：地衣多样性和地衣中污染物的积累。在地衣多样性中，与养分和需水量有关的功能性状被用来代替植被过滤空气污染和调节气候，提供空气净化和调节气候的生态系统服务的能力。这也是通过非常高的空间分辨率获得的，从而可以进行详细的空间规划以优化生态系统服务。我们发现以结构更复杂（树木，灌木和草本层）和缺乏管理（修剪，灌溉和施肥）为特征的植被类型具有更高的能力来提供生态系统的空气净化和气候调节服务。相比之下，结构较简单，管理严格的草坪与提供这些服务的能力较低相关。人工林显示出在其他两种植被之间的中间效应。因此，植被结构，组成和管理对于优化绿地净化空气和调节气候的能力很重要。考虑到这一点，可以在高空间分辨率下管理绿地，以优化城市地区的这些生态系统服务并有助于改善人类福祉。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental research》 |2018年第1期|306-313|共8页
  • 作者

    Joana Vieira; Paula Matos; Teresa Mexia; Patricia Silva; Nuno Lopes; Catarina Freitas; Otilia Correia; Margarida Santos-Reis; Cristina Branquinho; Pedro Pinho;

  • 作者单位

    Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Giencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;

    Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Giencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;

    Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Giencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal,Centro de Estudos Florestais, Instituto Superior de Agrononua, Universidade de lisboa, Edif'cio Prof. Azevedo Gomes, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal;

    Department for Environment, Climate, Energy and Mobility of the City Council of Almada;

    Department for Environment, Climate, Energy and Mobility of the City Council of Almada;

    Department for Environment, Climate, Energy and Mobility of the City Council of Almada;

    Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Giencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;

    Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Giencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;

    Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Giencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;

    Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Giencias, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal,Centro de Recursos Naturais e Ambiente, Instituto Superior Ticnico, Universidade de Lisboa Av. Rovisco Pais 1049-001 Lisboa Portugal;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Environmental management; Air pollution; Urban heat island effect; Cities; Lichen traits;

    机译：环境管理;空气污染;城市热岛效应;城市;地衣性状;

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