Abstract Modification of the association between high ambient temperature and health by urban microclimate indicators: A systematic review and meta- analysis
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Modification of the association between high ambient temperature and health by urban microclimate indicators: A systematic review and meta- analysis

机译：通过城市小气候指标修正高温和健康之间的联系：系统的回顾和荟萃分析

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AbstractBackgroundLandscape characteristics, including vegetation and impervious surfaces, influence urban microclimates and may lead to within-city differences in the adverse health effects of high ambient temperatures.ObjectiveOur objective was to quantitatively summarize the epidemiologic literature that assessed microclimate indicators as effect measure modifiers (EMM) of the association between ambient temperature and mortality or morbidity.MethodsWe systematically identified papers and abstracted relative risk estimates for hot and cool microclimate indicator strata. We calculated the ratio of the relative risks (RRR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) to assess differences in health effects across strata, and pooled the RRR estimates using random effects meta-analyses.ResultsEleven papers were retained. In the pooled analyses, people living in hotter areas within cities (based on land surface temperature or modeled estimates of air temperature) had 6% higher risk of mortality/morbidity compared to those in cooler areas (95% CI: 1.03–1.09). Those living in less vegetated areas had 5% higher risk compared to those living in more vegetated areas (95% CI: 1.00–1.11).DiscussionThere is epidemiologic evidence that those living in hotter, and less vegetated areas of cities have higher risk of morbidity or mortality from higher ambient temperature. Further research with improved assessment of landscape characteristics and investigation of the joint effects of physiologic adaptation and landscape will advance the current understanding.ConclusionThis review provides quantitative evidence that intra-urban differences in landscape characteristics and micro-urban heat islands contribute to within-city variability in the health effects of high ambient temperatures.Highlights•We summarized epidemiology papers that assessed modification of heat and health associations by microclimate indicators.•Temperature and health associations were stronger among those living in hotter and less vegetated areas within cities.•Further research on relationships between landscape, localized temperature, and health will advance current understanding.
机译： 摘要 背景 景观特征，包括植被和不透水的表面，影响城市小气候，并可能导致城市环境差异对高温造成的不利健康影响。 目标 我们的目标是总结了流行病学文献，这些文献评估了微气候指标作为环境温度与死亡率或发病率之间关系的有效量度修正值（EMM）。 方法 我们系统地确定了论文，并提取了冷热小气候指标层的相对风险估计。我们计算了相对风险（RRR）和95％置信区间（95％CI）的比率，以评估各个阶层的健康影响差异，并使用随机影响荟萃分析汇总了RRR估计值。 结果 保留了11篇论文。在汇总分析中，生活在城市较热地区（基于地表温度或模拟气温估计值）的人的死亡率/发病率比凉爽地区（95％CI：1.03-1.09）高6％。与那些居住在植被比较多的地区相比，居住在那些植被较少的地区的风险要高5％（95％CI：1.00–1.11）。 讨论 有流行病学证据表明，生活在较热，植被较少的城市中的人因较高的环境温度而患病或死亡的风险较高。进一步的研究，包括对景观特征的评估，以及对生理适应和景观的联合影响的调查，将促进当前的理解。 结论 这篇综述提供了定量的证据，表明城市内部的景观特征和微城市的热岛差异导致了城市内环境温度变化对健康的影响。 突出显示 • 我们总结了流行病学论文，这些论文通过小气候指标评估了热和健康关联的变化。 • 温度与健康之间的关联性更强 • < ce：para id =“ p0015” view =“ all”>对景观，局部温度和健康之间关系的进一步研究将促进当前的理解。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental research》 |2018年第2期|168-180|共13页
  • 作者

    Leah H. Schinasi; Tarik Benmarhnia; Anneclaire J. De Roos;

  • 作者单位

    Drexel University, Dornsife School of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, UC San Diego;

    Department of Family Medicine and Public Health & Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UC San Diego;

    Drexel University, Dornsife School of Public Health, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, UC San Diego;

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