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Rio+20: Looking Back at 20 Years of Environmental and Resource Economics

机译：里约+20：回顾20年的环境和资源经济学

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摘要

Twenty years on from the Rio ’92 conference, we must face the fact that there have been a few successes but more failures. Scientific complexity, uncertainty, short-termism inherent in politics, the free-rider problem, and issues of fairness are part of the explanation for the lack of progress, but we point to more fundamental motivational problems. It is time to assess our responsibility as economists in the field of environment and resources. Our scientific contribution has been misleading because our models are structurally incapable of addressing major concerns. The cost-benefit test is not fit to assess large-scale resource conservation projects, including climate abatement. This understanding was already present during the Rio ‘92 summit, but the problems, while identified, have not been resolved twenty years later. The contribution from theory, through the sustainability paradigm of non-decreasing welfare, has turned out ineffective. It does not provide us with tools for designing a better future for our children. Instead, it risks choosing a constant welfare path, with knowledge increasing but natural resources deteriorating, while not properly analyzing the richer possibilities for a better future that nature and creativity imply. It is time for our profession to search for a more constructive contribution in theory and practice.
机译：在92年里约热内卢会议召开二十周年之际，我们必须面对这样一个事实，即取得了一些成功，但失败更多。科学复杂性，不确定性，政治固有的短期主义，搭便车问题和公平问题是缺乏进步的部分解释，但我们指出了更根本的动机问题。现在是时候评估我们在环境和资源领域作为经济学家的责任了。我们的科学贡献具有误导性，因为我们的模型在结构上无法解决主要问题。成本效益测试不适合评估包括气候减排在内的大规模资源节约项目。在里约'92峰会期间已经存在这种理解，但是，尽管发现了问题，但二十年后仍未解决。通过不减少福利的可持续性范式，理论上的贡献被证明是无效的。它没有为我们提供为孩子设计更好的未来的工具。相反，它冒着选择一条恒定的福利道路的风险，知识会增加，自然资源却会恶化，而没有适当地分析自然和创造力所暗示的创造更美好未来的更多可能性。现在是我们的专业人士在理论和实践上寻求更具建设性贡献的时候了。

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