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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Rapid Mapping of Dissolved Methane and Carbon Dioxide in Coastal Ecosystems Using the ChemYak Autonomous Surface Vehicle
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Rapid Mapping of Dissolved Methane and Carbon Dioxide in Coastal Ecosystems Using the ChemYak Autonomous Surface Vehicle

机译：使用ChemYak自主地面飞行器快速绘制沿海生态系统中溶解的甲烷和二氧化碳

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摘要

Coastal ecosystems host high levels of primary productivity leading to exceptionally dynamic elemental cycling in both water and sediments. In such environments, carbon is rapidly cycled leading to high rates of burial as organic matter and/or high rates of loss to the atmosphere and laterally to the coastal ocean in simpler forms, such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). To better understand carbon cycling across these heterogeneous environments, new technologies beyond discrete sample collection and analysis are needed to characterize spatial and temporal variability. Here, we describe the ChemYak, an autonomous surface vehicle outfitted with a suite of in situ sensors, developed to achieve large spatial scale chemical mapping of these environments. Dissolved methane and carbon dioxide are measured by a laser spectrometer coupled to a gas extraction unit for continuous quantification during operation. The gas-powered vehicle is capable of rapidly surveying the coastal system with an endurance of up to 10 h at operating speeds in excess of 10 km h(-1). Here, we demonstrate its ability to spatially characterize distributions of CO2, CH4, oxygen, and nitrate throughout a New England saltmarsh estuary.
机译：沿海生态系统的初级生产力水平很高，导致水和沉积物中的元素循环异常活跃。在这样的环境中，碳迅速循环，导致以有机物形式的高埋葬率和/或以更简单的形式（例如二氧化碳（CO2）和甲烷（CH4））向大气和向侧面海洋的大量流失。为了更好地理解这些异构环境中的碳循环，需要使用除离散样本收集和分析之外的新技术来表征空间和时间变化。在这里，我们将介绍ChemYak，这是一款配备有一系列原位传感器的自动地面车辆，其开发目的是实现这些环境的大规模空间化学绘图。溶解的甲烷和二氧化碳通过与气体提取单元相连的激光光谱仪进行测量，以便在操作过程中进行连续定量。天然气动力车辆能够以超过10 km h（-1）的工作速度快速测量长达10 h的续航力的沿海系统。在这里，我们证明了其在新英格兰盐沼河口整个区域表征CO2，CH4，氧气和硝酸盐分布的能力。

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