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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Negative Impacts of Biochars on Urease Activity: High pH, Heavy Metals, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, or Free Radicals?
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Negative Impacts of Biochars on Urease Activity: High pH, Heavy Metals, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, or Free Radicals?

机译：生物炭对尿素酶活性的负面影响：高pH，重金属，多环芳烃或自由基？

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摘要

Although biochars show promise for soil remediation, their negative impacts have not been systematically assessed. This study investigated the effects of corn cob biochars on urease-mediated urea hydrolysis and attempted to determine the mechanisms underlying those effects. The results showed that biochars inhibited urease activity (indicated by the NH4+ generation). Released heavy metals and polyaromatic hydrocarbons explained the 20% inhibition of urease activity in biochar supernatants (200 degrees C) but could not explain the 70% inhibition in particle systems (400 degrees C). The levels of protein carbonyl and nitrotyrosine, common oxidative damagers of urease, were high in particle systems but very low in biochar supernatants. The electron paramagnetic resonance signal intensity reached its highest level in the 400 degrees C biochar and decreased in the 500 degrees C biochar, possibly due to the decomposition of organic molecules. The observed inhibition of urease activity may be the result of oxidative reactions with free radicals on the biochar surface or oxidative reactions with reactive oxygen species promoted by free radicals. We suggest that these potential hazards be evaluated further to gauge the relevance of these findings to field conditions and to assist in the development of safe and sustainable application schemes for biochars.
机译：尽管生物炭显示出土壤修复的希望，但尚未对它们的负面影响进行系统评估。这项研究调查了玉米芯生物炭对脲酶介导的尿素水解的影响，并试图确定这些作用的潜在机理。结果表明，生物炭抑制了脲酶活性（由NH4 +生成指示）。释放的重金属和聚芳烃解释了生物炭上清液（200摄氏度）中脲酶活性的20％抑制，但不能解释颗粒系统（400摄氏度）中70％的脲酶活性抑制。脲酶的常见氧化损伤蛋白羰基和硝基酪氨酸的水平在颗粒系统中很高，但在生物炭上清液中却很低。电子顺磁共振信号强度在400摄氏度生物炭中达到最高水平，在500摄氏度生物炭中下降，这可能是由于有机分子的分解所致。观察到的对脲酶活性的抑制可能是由于生物炭表面上的自由基发生氧化反应或自由基促进的活性氧物种发生氧化反应的结果。我们建议进一步评估这些潜在危害，以评估这些发现与田间条件的相关性，并协助开发安全可靠的生物炭应用方案。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2018年第21期|12740-12747|共8页
  • 作者

    Liu Yang; Dai Qunying; Jin Xiuqi; Dong Xudong; Peng Juan; Wu Min; Liang Ni; Pan Bo; Xing Baoshan;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Massachusetts, Stockbridge Sch Agr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA;

    Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Med, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, Peoples R China;

    Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Environm Sci & Engn, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, Peoples R China;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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