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Scaling Analysis of Energy in Great Lakes Water Supplies

机译：大湖供水中能量的比例分析

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摘要

Resource-scale quantification of energy in water supplies is important for local-scale sustainability and for regional-, national-, and global-scale assessments of the water-energy nexus. Water supply systems within a resource region are characterized by a homogeneity in system type but a heterogeneity in system size. Size heterogeneity has traditionally imposed large challenges to energy quantification because of nonlinearities. Recently, an analytical approach for quantifying nonlinear size effects in water supplies was developed based on the complex system phenomena of skewed size abundance (decreasing abundance with increasing size in a population of systems) and allometric energy scaling (decreasing energy intensity with increasing size in an individual system). Here, building on this advance and using new, resource-scope data on Great Lakes water supplies, we explore the interaction between energy allometry and size abundance and demonstrate the application of scaling for making energy predictions in water supplies. We show that communities are driven by the allometric effect to form "large get larger" supply systems, but ultimately spatial distances impose limits on the effect, resulting in delegation of tasks to local systems to preserve energy optimality. This cross-scale, interaction perspective of scaling and the application of scaling for energy prediction together may lead to a more functional understanding of supply size abundance and more integrative quantification of supply energy and environmental impacts at the water resource scale.
机译：供水中能源的资源规模量化对于地方规模的可持续性以及对地区，国家和全球规模的水能联系评估至关重要。资源区域内的供水系统的特征是系统类型同质，但系统规模异质。由于非线性，尺寸异质性传统上对能量定量提出了巨大挑战。最近，根据复杂的系统现象，即尺寸偏斜度的丰度（系统群体中尺寸的增加，丰度减小）和异速能量缩放（能量强度随尺寸的增加而减小），开发了一种量化供水中非线性尺寸效应的分析方法。个人系统）。在此基础上，我们利用大湖区供水的新资源范围数据，探索了能源异度测量法和规模丰度之间的相互作用，并论证了比例缩放在供水中进行能源预测的应用。我们表明，社区是由异速生长效应驱动的，以形成“从大到大”的供应系统，但是最终，空间距离对这种影响施加了限制，从而导致将任务委派给本地系统以保持能源的最优性。这种跨尺度，尺度交互作用的观点以及尺度在能源预测中的应用可能会导致对供水规模丰度的更多功能性理解，以及对水资源规模上的供应能源和环境影响进行更全面的量化。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2020年第8期|5071-5080|共10页
  • 作者

    Likwan Cheng;

  • 作者单位

    City Colleges of Chicago Chicago Illinois 60601 United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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