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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Primary and Secondary Plastic Particles Exhibit Limited Acute Toxicity but Chronic Effects on Daphnia magna
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Primary and Secondary Plastic Particles Exhibit Limited Acute Toxicity but Chronic Effects on Daphnia magna

机译：初级和二级塑料颗粒表现出有限的急性毒性，但对Daphnia Magna的慢性效应

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摘要

Nanoplastics (NPs; ＜0.1 μm) are speculated to be a bigger ecological threat due to their predicted wider distribution, higher concentrations, and bioavailability. Primary NPs are manufactured to be that size, while secondary NPs originate from fragmentation of bigger debris. To date, the long-term impact of NPs in freshwater systems, particularly secondary NPs, is not well-understood. Thus, we employed a freshwater invertebrate, Daphnia magna, to investigate the chronic effects of model primary NPs, fluorescent polystyrene nanospheres (PS-NPs; 20 nm), and water leachate of weathered single-use plastics that contained micro- and nanosized particles. In experiment 1, parent Daphnia (F0) were exposed to 1 and 50 mg/L PS-NPs until the production of the neonates (F1) followed by a two-generation recovery. PS-NPs were mainly detected in the intestine and brood chamber in F0 and transferred to F1 and F2. PS-NPs significantly decreased the appendage curling and heartbeat rate in F0 and reduced reproduction in F2. In experiment 2, the plastic Ieachate also reduced the appendage curling rate but increased growth and reproduction. The results suggest that the acute toxicity of primary and secondary plastic particles is low even at high concentrations, but their chronic and sublethal effects should not be overlooked.
机译：纳米塑料（NPS; <0.1μm）被推测，由于其预测的更广泛的分布，更高的浓度和生物利用度，是更大的生态威胁。初级NPS被制造成那种尺寸，而次级NPS源自更大碎片的碎片。迄今为止，NPS在淡水系统中的长期影响，特别是次要NPS，并不是很好的理解。因此，我们使用淡水无脊椎动物，Daphnia Magna，探讨模型初级NPS，荧光聚苯乙烯纳米球（PS-NPS; 20nm）的慢性效应，以及含有微型和纳米粒子颗粒的风化单用塑料的水渗滤液。在实验1中，母体Daphnia（F0）暴露于1和50mg / L PS-NPS，直至产生新生儿（F1），然后进行两代恢复。 PS-NPS主要在F0的肠道和育雏室中检测到，并转移至F1和F2。 PS-NPS在F0中显着降低了阑尾卷曲和心跳率，并在F2中减少了繁殖。在实验2中，塑料渗透液也降低了阑尾卷曲率，而是增加了生长和繁殖。结果表明，即使在高浓度下，初级和次级塑料颗粒的急性毒性也是低的，但它们不应忽略它们的慢性和核心效应。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2020年第11期|6859-6868|共10页
  • 作者

    Elvis Genbo Xu; Rachel S. Cheong; Lan Liu; Laura M. Hernandez; Agil Azimzada; Stephane Bayen; Nathalie Tufenkji;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec H3A 0C5 Canada;

    Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec H3A 0CS Canada;

    Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry McGill University Montreal Quebec H3A 0C5 Canada;

    Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec H3A 0C5 Canada;

    Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec H3A 0CS Canada;

    Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry McGill University Montreal Quebec H3A 0C5 Canada;

    Department of Chemical Engineering McGill University Montreal Quebec H3A 0C5 Canada;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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