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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Novel Method of Quantifying Radioactive Cesium-Rich Microparticles (CsMPs) in the Environment from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant
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Novel Method of Quantifying Radioactive Cesium-Rich Microparticles (CsMPs) in the Environment from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant

机译:福岛第一核电站环境中放射性铯富集微粒(CsMPs)定量的新方法

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摘要

Highly radioactive cesium-rich microparticles (CsMPs) were released from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (FDNPP) to the surrounding environment at an early stage of the nuclear disaster in March of 2011; however, the quantity of released CsMPs remains undetermined. Here, we report a novel method to quantify the number of CsMPs in surface soils at or around Fukushima and the fraction of radioactivity they contribute, which we call “quantification of CsMPs” (QCP) and is based on autoradiography. Here, photostimulated luminescence (PSL) is linearly correlated to the radioactivity of various microparticles, with a regression coefficient of 0.0523 becquerel/PSL/h (Bq/PSL/h). In soil collected from Nagadoro, Fukushima, Japan, CsMPs were detected in soil sieved with a 114 μm mesh. There was no overlap between the radioactivities of CsMPs and clay particles adsorbing Cs. Based on the distribution of radioactivity of CsMPs, the threshold radioactivity of CsMPs in the size fraction of <114 μm was determined to be 0.06 Bq. Based on this method, the number and radioactivity fraction of CsMPs in four surface soils collected from the vicinity of the FDNPP were determined to be 48–318 particles per gram and 8.53–31.8%, respectively. The QCP method is applicable to soils with a total radioactivity as high as ∼10~(6) Bq/kg. This novel method is critically important and can be used to quantitatively understand the distribution and migration of the highly radioactive CsMPs in near-surface environments surrounding Fukushima.
机译:在2011年3月核灾难的早期,高放射性的富含铯的微粒(CsMP)从福岛第一核电站(FDNPP)释放到周围环境中;但是,释放的CsMP数量仍未确定。在这里,我们报告了一种新颖的方法来量化福岛县或福岛县附近的表层土壤中CsMP的数量及其贡献的放射性比例,我们称之为“ CsMP量化”(QCP),它是基于放射自显影技术。在此,光刺激发光(PSL)与各种微粒的放射性线性相关,回归系数为0.0523 becquerel / PSL / h(Bq / PSL / h)。在从日本福岛长野町收集的土壤中,在用114μm筛网筛分的土壤中检测到CsMPs。 CsMPs的放射性与吸附Cs的粘土颗粒之间没有重叠。根据CsMPs的放射性分布,将尺寸分数<114μm的CsMPs阈值放射性确定为0.06 Bq。基于这种方法,从FDNPP附近收集的四种表层土壤中CsMPs的数量和放射性分数分别确定为48-318个颗粒/克和8.53-31.8%。 QCP方法适用于总放射性高达〜10〜(6)Bq / kg的土壤。这种新方法至关重要,可用于定量了解福岛周围近地表环境中高放射性CsMP的分布和迁移。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2018年第11期|6390-6398|共9页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;

    Department of Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;

    Department of Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;

    Department of Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;

    Department of Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;

    Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences and Center for Research in Isotopes and Environmental Dynamics, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan;

    Centre for Radiochemistry Research, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL United Kingdom;

    Centre for Radiochemistry Research, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL United Kingdom;

    Laboratory for Advanced Nuclear Energy, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan;

    SUBATECH, IMT Atlantique, CNRS-IN2P3, The University of Nantes, Nantes 44307, France;

    Department of Geological Sciences and Center for International Security and Cooperation, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-2115, United States;

    Department of Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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