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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Ecological Instability in Lakes: A Predictable Condition?
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Ecological Instability in Lakes: A Predictable Condition?

机译：湖泊中的生态不稳定：可预测的条件？

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摘要

Society is threatened with an increased likelihood of unexpected and rapid loss of natural capital, increased public health risk from toxic cyanobacteria, and loss of biodiversity in lakes. Observations and models reveal that lakes can exhibit sudden, but persistent, ecological changes preceded by the erosion of ecological stability (e.g., phenomenon of "flickering" or "critical slowing down") driven by extrinsic (e.g., extreme weather events) or intrinsic (e.g., trophic interactions) pressures. This evidence is being used to develop the basis for resilience based management across other ecosystem types. However, although slow (i.e., years to centuries), ecological responses following abatement of dominant pressures are well documented (e.g., catchment nutrient load reduction), the same cannot be said for sudden ecological transitions (i.e., ＜1 year duration). This leads to a lack of confidence in predicting such events and an inability to prevent them. This is challenging given the practical need for early detection of ecological instability required to support effective preventative management.
机译：社会面临自然资本意外和迅速损失的可能性增加，有毒蓝细菌增加公共健康风险以及湖泊生物多样性丧失的威胁。观测和模型表明，湖泊可能会表现出突然的，但持久的生态变化，然后再由外部（例如极端天气事件）或内在（例如，极端天气事件）驱动的生态稳定性受到侵蚀（例如，“闪烁”或“严重放缓”现象）。例如，营养相互作用）压力。该证据被用来为其他生态系统类型的基于弹性的管理奠定基础。然而，尽管缓慢（即数年至数百年），但有证据表明减少了主压力后的生态响应（例如流域养分减少），但对于突然的生态过渡（即<1年）则无法说同样的话。这导致对这种事件的预测缺乏信心，并且无法预防它们。鉴于实际需要及早发现支持有效的预防性管理所需要的生态不稳定，这具有挑战性。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2016年第7期|3285-3286|共2页
  • 作者

    Bryan M. Spears; Laurence Carvalho; Martyn N. Futter; Linda May; Stephen J. Thackeray; Rita Adrian; David G. Angeler; Sarah J. Burthe; Tom A. Davidson; Francis Daunt; Alena S. Gsell; Dag O. Hessen; Heather Moorhouse; Brian Huser; Stephen C. Ives; Annette B. G. Janssen; Eleanor B. Mackay; Martin Sondergaard; Erik Jeppesen;

  • 作者单位

    Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, U.K.;

    Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, U.K.;

    Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Box 7050, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden;

    Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, U.K.;

    Lake Ecosystems Group, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, U.K.;

    Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Mueggelseedamm 301, D-12587 Berlin, Germany;

    Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Box 7050, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden;

    Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, U.K.;

    Department of Bioscience - Lake Ecology, Aarhus University, Vejlsavej 25, Building B2.22, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark;

    Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, U.K.;

    Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Mueggelseedamm 301, D-12587 Berlin, Germany,Department of Aquatic Ecology, NIOO-KNAW, Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands;

    University of Oslo, Department of Biosciences, Box 1066 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway;

    Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, U.K.;

    Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Box 7050, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden;

    Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, U.K.;

    Department of Aquatic Ecology, NIOO-KNAW, Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands;

    Lake Ecosystems Group, Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Library Avenue, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4AP, U.K.;

    Department of Bioscience - Lake Ecology, Aarhus University, Vejlsavej 25, Building B2.22, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark;

    Department of Bioscience - Lake Ecology, Aarhus University, Vejlsavej 25, Building B2.22, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark;

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