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Inhalation and Dietary Exposure to PCBs in Urban and Rural Cohorts via Congener-Specific Measurements

机译：通过同类研究测量城市和农村地区多氯联苯的吸入和饮食接触

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摘要

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of 209 persistent organic pollutants, whose documented carcinogenic, neurological, and respiratory toxicities are expansive and growing. However, PCB inhalation exposure assessments have been lacking for North American ambient conditions and lower-chlorinated congeners. We assessed congener-specific inhalation and dietary exposure for 78 adolescent children and their mothers (n = 68) in the Airborne Exposure to Semi-volatile Organic Pollutants (AESOP) Study. Congener-specific PCB inhalation exposure was modeled using 293 measurements of indoor and outdoor airborne PCB concentrations at homes and schools, analyzed via tandem quadrupole GS-MS/MS, combined with questionnaire data from the AESOP Study. Dietary exposure was modeled using Canadian Total Diet Survey PCB concentrations and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) food ingestion rates. For ∑PCB, dietary exposure dominates. For individual lower-chlorinated congeners (e.g., PCBs 40+41+71, 52), inhalation exposure was as high as one-third of the total (dietary+inhalation) exposure. ∑PCB inhalation (geometric mean (SE)) was greater for urban mothers (7.1 (1.2) μg yr~(-1)) and children (12.0 (1.2) μg yr~(-1)) than for rural mothers (2.4 (0.4) μg yr~(-1)) and children (8.9 (0.3) μg yr~(-1)). Schools attended by AESOP Study children had higher indoor PCB concentrations than did homes, and account for the majority of children's inhalation exposure.
机译：多氯联苯（PCB）是由209种持久性有机污染物组成的一组，其已记录的致癌，神经和呼吸系统毒性正在不断扩大。但是，对于北美环境条件和低氯同类物，缺乏PCB吸入暴露评估。在空气中半挥发性有机污染物暴露（AESOP）研究中，我们评估了78名青春期儿童及其母亲（n = 68）的同族特异性吸入和饮食暴露。使用293串联和四极杆GS-MS / MS分析家庭和学校中室内和室外机载PCB的浓度，对特定族群的PCB吸入暴露进行建模，并结合AESOP研究的问卷数据。饮食接触是使用加拿大总饮食调查局PCB浓度和国家健康与营养检查局（NHANES）食物摄入率建模的。对于∑PCB，饮食接触占主导地位。对于单独的低氯同类物（例如PCB 40 + 41 + 71、52），吸入暴露量高达总摄入量（饮食+吸入量）的三分之一。城市母亲（7.1（1.2）μgyr〜（-1））和儿童（12.0（1.2）μgyr〜（-1））的∑PCB吸入（几何平均值（SE））高于农村母亲（2.4（ 0.4）μgyr〜（-1））和儿童（8.9（0.3）μgyr〜（-1））。 AESOP研究的学校中儿童的室内PCB浓度比房屋中的浓度高，占儿童吸入暴露的大部分。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2015年第2期|1156-1164|共9页
  • 作者

    Matt D. Ampleman; Andres Martinez; Jeanne DeWall; Dorothea F. K. Rawn; Keri C. Hornbuckle; Peter S. Thorne;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States, 52242,Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States 52242, United States;

    Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States 52242, United States,IIHR-Hydroscience and Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States, 52242;

    Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States, 52242;

    Food Research Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1A 0K9;

    Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States 52242, United States,IIHR-Hydroscience and Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States, 52242;

    Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States, 52242;

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