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Assessment of Regional Variation in Streamflow Responses to Urbanization and the Persistence of Physiography

机译：评估对城市化的径流响应和地貌持久性的区域变化

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摘要

Aquatic ecosystems are sensitive to the modification of hydrologic regimes, experiencing declines in stream health as the streamflow regime is altered during urbanization. This study uses streamflow records to quantify the type and magnitude of hydrologic changes across urbanization gradients in nine U.S. cities (Atlanta, GA, Baltimore, MD, Boston, MA, Detroit, MI, Raleigh, NC, St Paul, MN, Pittsburgh, PA, Phoenix, AZ, and Portland, OR) in two physiographic settings. Results indicate similar development trajectories among urbanization gradients, but heterogeneity in the type and magnitude of hydrologic responses to this apparently uniform urban pattern. Similar urban patterns did not confer similar hydrologic function. Study watersheds in landscapes with level slopes and high soil permeability had less frequent high-flow events, longer high-flow durations, lower flashiness response, and lower flow maxima compared to similarly developed watersheds in landscape with steep slopes and low soil permeability. Our results suggest that physical characteristics associated with level topography and high water-storage capacity buffer the severity of hydrologic changes associated with urbanization. Urbanization overlain upon a diverse set of physical templates creates multiple pathways toward hydrologic impairment; therefore, we caution against the use of the urban homogenization framework in examining geophysically dominated processes.
机译：水生生态系统对水文状况的修改很敏感，随着城市化过程中溪流状况的改变，溪流健康状况也随之下降。这项研究使用流量记录来量化美国九个城市（亚特兰大，佐治亚州，巴尔的摩，马里兰州，波士顿，马萨诸塞州，底特律，密西根州，罗利，北卡罗来纳州，圣保罗，明尼苏达州，宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡）的城市化梯度中水文变化的类型和大小。 ，亚利桑那州的菲尼克斯和俄勒冈州的波特兰）两种生理设置。结果表明，城市化梯度之间的发展轨迹相似，但是对这种看似统一的城市格局的水文响应的类型和大小却存在异质性。相似的城市格局并未赋予相似的水文功能。与具有类似坡度和低土壤渗透率的景观类似流域相比，在具有水平坡度和高土壤渗透性的景观中流域的研究流域较少出现高流量事件，较长的高流量持续时间，较低的泛水响应和较低的流量最大值。我们的结果表明，与水平地形和高蓄水量相关的物理特征可以缓解与城市化相关的水文变化的严重性。覆盖各种物理模板的城市化为水文破坏创造了多种途径。因此，我们警告不要在检查地球物理主导过程中使用城市均质化框架。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2015年第5期|2724-2732|共9页
  • 作者

    Kristina G. Hopkins; Nathaniel B. Morse; Daniel J. Bain; Neil D. Bettez; Nancy B. Grimm; Jennifer L. Morse; Monica M. Palta; William D. Shuster; Anika R. Bratt; Amanda K. Suchy;

  • 作者单位

    Geology and Planetary Science, University of Pittsburgh, 4107 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States,National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center, 1 Park Place, Suite 300, Annapolis, Maryland 21401, United States;

    Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Rudman Hall, 46 College Road, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, United States;

    Geology and Planetary Science, University of Pittsburgh, 4107 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States;

    Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, 2801 Cty Road 44A, Millbrook, New York 12545, United States;

    School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States;

    Environmental Science and Management, Portland State University, P.O. Box 751, Portland, Oregon 97207, United States;

    School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, P.O. Box 876004, Tempe, Arizona 85287-6004, United States;

    Office of Research and Development, Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, United States;

    Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States;

    School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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