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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Temporal Levels of Urinary Neonicotinoid and Dialkylphosphate Concentrations in Japanese Women Between 1994 and 2011
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Temporal Levels of Urinary Neonicotinoid and Dialkylphosphate Concentrations in Japanese Women Between 1994 and 2011

机译：1994年至2011年日本女性尿中新烟碱和磷酸二烷基酯的时间水平

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摘要

Over the last two decades, usage of neonicotinoid (NEO) insecticides has increased due to their high selectivity for insects versus mammals and their effectiveness for extermination of insects resistant to conventional pesticides such as pyrethroids and organophosphates (OPs). However, historical change of the NEO exposure level in humans is poorly understood. The aim of this study is to reveal changes in the levels of NEO and OP exposure in the human body over the last two decades using biomonitoring technique. We quantified urinary concentrations of 7 NEOs (acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid, and thiame- thoxam) and 4 metabolites of OPs (dimethylphosphate, dimethylthiophos- phate, diethylphosphate, and diethylthiophosphate) in 95 adult females aged 45-75 in 1994, 2000, 2003, 2009, and 2011 (n = 17-20 different individuals in each year). The results show that the detection rates of urinary NEOs in Japanese women increased significantly between 1994 and 2011, suggesting that intakes of NEOs into the human body rose during that period. In contrast, exposure to OPs having O,O-dimethyl moieties decreased steadily according to a finding that geometric means of urinary dimethylphosphate concentrations kept diminishing considerably. These changes may reflect the amounts of NEOs and OPs used as insecticides in Japan.
机译：在过去的二十年中，新烟碱类（NEO）杀虫剂的使用有所增加，这是由于它们对昆虫的抵抗力相对于哺乳动物高，并且具有消灭对拟除虫菊酯和有机磷酸盐（OPs）等常规杀虫剂的抗性的功效。但是，人们对NEO暴露水平的历史变化知之甚少。这项研究的目的是揭示使用生物监测技术在过去二十年中人体NEO和OP暴露水平的变化。我们对年龄在95-45岁之间的95名成年女性中7种NEO（乙酰胺类，布比尼丁，二甲呋喃，吡虫啉，尼替吡喃，噻虫啉和噻虫嗪）和4种OP的代谢产物（磷酸二甲酯，磷酸二甲硫代磷酸酯，磷酸二乙酯和磷酸二乙酯）的尿液浓度进行了定量。在1994、2000、2003、2009和2011年（每年= 17-20个不同的人）。结果表明，1994年至2011年期间，日本女性尿中NEO的检出率显着提高，表明在此期间，人体中NEO的摄入量有所增加。相反，根据发现尿二甲基磷酸盐浓度的几何平均值保持显着减少的发现，对具有O，O-二甲基部分的OP的暴露稳定地减少。这些变化可能反映了日本用作杀虫剂的NEO和OP的数量。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2015年第24期|14522-14528|共7页
  • 作者

    Jun Ueyama; Kouji H. Harada; Akio Koizumi; Yuka Sugiura; Takaaki Kondo; Isao Saito; Michihiro Kamijima;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences, Field of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan;

    Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Yoshida, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan;

    Department of Health and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Yoshida, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan;

    Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences, Field of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan;

    Department of Pathophysiological Laboratory Sciences, Field of Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 461-8673, Japan;

    Food Safety and Quality Research Center, Tokai COOP Federation, Nagakute 480-1103, Japan;

    Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan;

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