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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Lubricating Oil Dominates Primary Organic Aerosol Emissions from Motor Vehicles
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Lubricating Oil Dominates Primary Organic Aerosol Emissions from Motor Vehicles

机译:润滑油是机动车主要的有机气溶胶排放的主要来源。

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摘要

Motor vehicles are major sources of primary organic aerosol (POA), which is a mixture of a large number of organic compounds that have not been comprehensively characterized. In this work, we apply a recently developed gas chromatography mass spectrometry approach utilizing "soft" vacuum ultraviolet photoionization to achieve unprecedented chemical characterization of motor vehicle POA emissions in a roadway tunnel with a mass closure of >60%. The observed POA was characterized by number of carbon atoms (N_c), number of double bond equivalents (N_(DBE)) and degree of molecular branching. Vehicular POA was observed to predominantly contain cycloalkanes with one or more rings and one or more branched alkyl side chains (≥80%) with low abundances of n-alkanes and aromatics (<5%), similar to "fresh" lubricating oil. The gas chromatography retention time data indicates that the cycloalkane ring structures are most likely dominated by cyclohexane and cyclopentane rings and not larger cydoalkanes. High molecular weight combustion byproducts, that is, alkenes, oxygenates, and aromatics, were not present in significant amounts. The observed carbon number and chemical composition of motor vehicle POA was consistent with lubricating oil being the dominant source from both gasoline and diesel-powered vehicles, with an additional smaller contribution from unburned diesel fuel and a negligible contribution from unburned gasoline.
机译:机动车是主要有机气溶胶(POA)的主要来源,该气溶胶是许多尚未全面表征的有机化合物的混合物。在这项工作中,我们采用了最近开发的气相色谱质谱法,该方法利用“软”真空紫外光电离技术在质量封闭率> 60%的巷道中实现了汽车POA排放的前所未有的化学表征。观察到的POA的特征是碳原子数(N_c),双键当量数(N_(DBE))和分子支化度。观察到车辆POA主要包含具有一个或多个环和一个或多个分支的烷基侧链(≥80%)的环烷烃,其中正链烷烃和芳烃的含量低(<5%),类似于“新鲜”润滑油。气相色谱保留时间数据表明,环烷环结构最有可能由环己烷和环戊烷环而不是较大的环烷烃支配。高分子量燃烧副产物,即烯烃,含氧化合物和芳族化合物的含量不高。观察到的汽车POA的碳数和化学成分与润滑油是汽油和柴油动力汽车的主要来源一致,未燃烧的柴油燃料贡献较小,而未燃烧的汽油贡献微不足道。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2014年第7期|3698-3706|共9页
  • 作者单位

    Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States,Aerosol Dynamics Inc., Berkeley, California, 94710, United States;

    Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States,Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States;

    Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3E5, Canada;

    Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States,Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States;

    Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States;

    Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States,Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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