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PM_(2.5) Constituents and Hospital Emergency-Room Visits in Shanghai, China

机译：中国上海的PM_（2.5）成分和医院急诊室访问

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摘要

Although ambient PM_(2.5) has been linked to adverse health effects, the chemical constituents that cause harm are largely unclear. Few prior studies in a developing country have reported the health impacts of PM_(2.5) constituents. In this study, we examined the short-term association between PM_(2.5) constituents and emergency room visits in Shanghai, China. We measured daily concentrations of PM_(2.5), organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and eight water-soluble ions between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2012. We analyzed the data using overdispersed generalized linear Poisson models. During our study period, the mean dairy average concentration of PM_(2.5) in Shanghai was 55 μg/m~3. Major contributors to PM_(2.5) mass included OC, EC, sulfate, nitrate, and ammonium. For a 1-day lag, an interquartile range increment in PM_(2.5) mass (36.47 μg/m~3) corresponded to 0.57% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.13%, 1.01%] increase of emergency room visits. In all the three models used, we found significant positive associations of emergency room visits with OC and EC. Our findings suggest that PM_(2.5) constituents from the combustion of fossil fuel (e.g., OC and EC) may have an appreciable influence on the health impact attributable to PM_(2.5).
机译：尽管环境PM_（2.5）与不良健康影响相关，但造成危害的化学成分在很大程度上尚不清楚。在发展中国家，很少有先前的研究报告过PM_（2.5）成分对健康的影响。在这项研究中，我们研究了PM_（2.5）成分与中国上海急诊室就诊之间的短期关联。我们测量了2011年1月1日至2012年12月31日之间的PM_（2.5），有机碳（OC），元素碳（EC）和8种水溶性离子的日浓度。我们使用过度分散的广义线性Poisson模型分析了数据。在我们的研究期间，上海的乳业PM_（2.5）平均浓度为55μg/ m〜3。 PM_（2.5）质量的主要贡献者包括OC，EC，硫酸盐，硝酸盐和铵。对于1天的延迟，PM_（2.5）质量（36.47μg/ m〜3）的四分位数范围增量对应于急诊就诊的0.57％[95％置信区间（CI）：0.13％，1.01％]。在使用的所有三个模型中，我们发现急诊室就诊与OC和EC之间存在显着的正相关。我们的发现表明，化石燃料燃烧产生的PM_（2.5）成分（例如OC和EC）可能对PM_（2.5）的健康影响产生可观的影响。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2014年第17期|10406-10414|共9页
  • 作者

    Liping Qiao; Jing Cai; Hongli Wang; Weibing Wang; Min Zhou; Shengrong Lou; Renjie Chen; Haixia Dai; Changhong Chen; Haidong Kan;

  • 作者单位

    State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai, China;

    School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, and Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;

    508 Qin-Zhou Road, Shanghai 200233, China, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai, China;

    School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, and Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;

    State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai, China;

    State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai, China;

    School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, and Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;

    State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai, China;

    State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai, China;

    130 Dong-An Road, Shanghai 200032, China, School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, and Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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