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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Uptake of Perfluoroalkyl Acids into Edible Crops via Land Applied Biosolids: Field and Greenhouse Studies
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Uptake of Perfluoroalkyl Acids into Edible Crops via Land Applied Biosolids: Field and Greenhouse Studies

机译：通过土地施用的生物固体将全氟烷基酸吸收到食用作物中：田间和温室研究

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摘要

The presence of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in biosolids destined for use in agriculture has raised concerns about their potential to enter the terrestrial food chain via bio accumulation in edible plants. Uptake of PFAAs by greenhouse lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and tomato (Lycopersicon lycopersicum) grown in an industrially impacted biosolids-amended soil, a municipal biosolids-amended soil, and a control soil was measured. Bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) were calculated for the edible portions of both lettuce and tomato. Dry weight concentrations observed in lettuce grown in a soil amended (biosolids:soil dry weight ratio of 1:10) with PFAA industrially contaminated biosolids were up to 266 and 236 ng/g for perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) and perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA), respectively, and reached 56 and 211 ng/g for PFBA and PFPeA in tomato, respectively. BAFs for many PFAAs were well above unity, with PFBA having the highest BAF in lettuce (56.8) and PFPeA the highest in tomato (17.1). In addition, the BAFs for PFAAs in greenhouse lettuce decreased approximately 0.3 log units per CF_2 group. A limited-scale field study was conducted to verify greenhouse findings. The greatest accumulation was seen for PFBA and PFPeA in both field-grown lettuce and tomato; BAFs for PFBA were highest in both crops. PFAA levels measured in lettuce and tomato grown in field soil amended with only a single application of biosolids (at an agronomic rate for nitrogen) were predominantly below the limit of quantitation (LOQ)- In addition, corn (Zea mays) stover, com grains, and soil were collected from several full-scale biosolids-amended farm fields. At these fields, all PFAAs were below the LOQ in the corn grains and only trace amounts of PFBA and PFPeA were detected in the corn stover. This study confirms that the bioaccumulation of PFAAs from biosolids-amended soils depends strongly on PFAA concentrations, soil properties, the type of crop, and analyte.
机译：注定要用于农业的生物固体中全氟烷基酸（PFAAs）的存在引起了人们对其潜在的可能通过可食用植物中的生物积累进入地面食物链的担忧。测量了在工业影响的生物固体改良土壤，市政生物固体改良土壤和对照土壤中生长的温室莴苣（Lactuca sativa）和番茄（Lycopersicon lycopersicum）对PFAA的吸收。计算生菜和番茄可食用部分的生物蓄积因子（BAF）。在全氟丁酸（PFBA）和全氟戊酸（PFPeA）改良的土壤中，用PFAA工业污染的生物固体改良的生菜中（生物固体：土壤干重比为1:10），干重浓度分别高达266和236 ng / g。番茄中的PFBA和PFPeA分别达到56和211 ng / g。许多PFAA的BAF远高于单一，其中PFBA在生菜中的BAF最高（56.8），而PFPeA在番茄中的BAF最高（17.1）。此外，每个CF_2组中，莴苣中PFAA的BAF减少了约0.3 log个单位。进行了有限规模的现场研究，以验证温室的发现。田间生菜和番茄中PFBA和PFPeA的积累量最大。两种农作物中PFBA的BAF最高。在莴苣和生长在田间土壤中的番茄中测得的PFAA水平仅需单次施用生物固体即可进行改良（氮的农艺速率）主要低于定量限（LOQ）。此外，玉米（Zea mays）秸秆，玉米粒，并且从几个完整的生物固体改良农田收集土壤。在这些田地中，所有谷物中的PFAA均低于LOQ，在玉米秸秆中仅检测到痕量的PFBA和PFPeA。这项研究证实，经过生物固体改良的土壤中PFAAs的生物积累在很大程度上取决于PFAA的浓度，土壤性质，农作物的类型和分析物。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2013年第24期|14062-14069|共8页
  • 作者

    Andrea C. Blaine; Courtney D. Rich; Lakhwinder S. Hundal; Christopher Lau; Marc A. Mills; Kimberly M. Harris; Christopher P. Higgins;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States;

    Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago, Ralph Metcalfe Federal Building, 77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60604-3590, United States;

    U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development, Ralph Metcalfe Federal Building, 77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60604-3590, United States;

    U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development, Ralph Metcalfe Federal Building, 77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60604-3590, United States;

    U.S. EPA Region 5, Ralph Metcalfe Federal Building, 77 West Jackson Boulevard, Chicago, Illinois 60604-3590, United States;

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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