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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Mitigating 1,3-Dichloropropene, Chloropicrin, and Methyl Iodide Emissions from Fumigated Soil with Reactive Film
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Mitigating 1,3-Dichloropropene, Chloropicrin, and Methyl Iodide Emissions from Fumigated Soil with Reactive Film

机译：利用活性膜减少熏蒸土壤中的1,3-二氯丙烯，氯霉素和碘甲烷排放

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摘要

Implicated as a stratospheric ozone-depleting compound, methyl bromide (MeBr) is being phased out despite being considered to be the most effective soil fumigant. Its alternatives, i.e., 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D, which includes as and trans isomers), chloropicrin (CP), and methyl iodide (Mel), have been widely used. High emissions of Mel from fumigated soil likely put farm workers and other bystanders at risk of adverse health effects. In this study, two types of constructed reactive film were tested for their ability to mitigate emissions of 1,3-D, CP, and Mel using laboratory permeability cells. Before activation, these films act as a physical barrier to trap fumigants leaving soil. After activation of the reactive layer containing ammonium thiosulfate solution, the films also act as a sink for the fumigants. Over 97% of trans- 1,3-D and 99% of the cis- 1,3-D, CP and Mel were depleted when they passed into the reactive film. Half-lives (t_(1/2)) of cis-r trans- 1,3-D, CP and Mel under activated reactive film were 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, and 2.0 h respectively at 40 ℃.
机译：尽管被认为是最有效的土壤熏蒸剂，但作为平流层中的臭氧消耗化合物，甲基溴（MeBr）正在被淘汰。它的替代物，即1，3-二氯丙烯（1，3-D，包括顺式和反式异构体），氯吡啶（CP）和甲基碘（Mel）已被广泛使用。熏蒸过的土壤中高含量的梅尔可能会使农场工人和其他旁观者面临不利健康影响的风险。在这项研究中，使用实验室的渗透性电池测试了两种类型的反应性薄膜减轻1，3-D，CP和Mel排放的能力。在活化之前，这些薄膜可作为物理屏障来捕获熏蒸剂离开土壤。在活化包含硫代硫酸铵溶液的反应层之后，这些膜还充当熏蒸剂的吸收器。当它们穿过反应性膜时，超过97％的反式1,3-D和99％的顺式1,3-D，CP和Mel耗尽。活化反应膜下顺式反式1，3-D，CP和Mel在40℃下的半衰期（t_（1/2））分别为1.2、1.4、1.6和2.0 h。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2012年第11期|p.6143-6149|共7页
  • 作者

    Richeng Xuan; Scott R.Yates; Daniel J.Ashworth; Lifang Luo;

  • 作者单位

    USDA-ARS, Salinity Laboratory, 450 West Big Springs Road, Riverside, California 92507, United States,Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States;

    USDA-ARS, Salinity Laboratory, 450 West Big Springs Road, Riverside, California 92507, United States;

    USDA-ARS, Salinity Laboratory, 450 West Big Springs Road, Riverside, California 92507, United States,Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States;

    USDA-ARS, Salinity Laboratory, 450 West Big Springs Road, Riverside, California 92507, United States;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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