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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Bisphenol S in Urine from the United States and Seven Asian Countries: Occurrence and Human Exposures
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Bisphenol S in Urine from the United States and Seven Asian Countries: Occurrence and Human Exposures

机译:美国和七个亚洲国家/地区的尿液中双酚S:发生率和人体暴露量

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摘要

As concern regarding the toxic effects of bisphenol A (BPA) grows, BPA in many consumer products is gradually being replaced with compounds such as bisphenol S (BPS). Nevertheless, data on the occurrence of BPS in human specimens are limited. In this study, 315 urine samples, collected from the general populations in the United States, China, India, Japan, Korea, Kuwait, Malaysia, and Vietnam, were analyzed for the presence of total BPS (free plus conjugated) concentrations by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). BPS was detected in 81% of the urine samples analyzed at concentrations ranging from below the limit of quantitation (LOQ; 0.02 ng/mL) to 21 ng/mL (geometric mean: 0.168 ng/mL). The urinary BPS concentration varied among countries, and the highest geometric mean concentration [1.18 ng/mL or 0.933 /μg/g creatinine (Cre)] of BPS was found in urine samples from Japan, followed by the United States (0.299 ng/mL, 0.304 μg/g Cre), China (0.226 ng/mL, 0.223 μg/g Cre), Kuwait (0.172 ng/mL, 0.126 /ig/g Cre), and Vietnam (0.160 ng/mL, 0.148 μg/g Cre). Median concentrations of BPS in urine samples from the Asian countries were 1 order of magnitude lower than the median concentrations reported earlier for BPA in the same set of samples, with the exception of samples from Japan.There were no significant differences in BPS concentrations between genders (male versus female), or among age groups (categorized as ≤19,20-29,30-39,40-49, and ≥50 years), or races (Caucasian versus Asian). The daily intake (EDI) of BPS was estimated on the basis of urinary concentrations using a simple pharmacokinetic approach. The median EDI values of BPS in Japan, China, United States, Kuwait, Vietnam, Malaysia, India, and Korea were 1.67,0.339,0.316,0.292,0,217,0.122,0.084, and 0.023 μg/ person, respectively. This is the first study to report the occurrence of BPS in human urine.
机译:随着对双酚A(BPA)毒性作用的关注日益增长,许多消费品中的BPA逐渐被双酚S(BPS)等化合物取代。然而,关于人类标本中BPS发生的数据是有限的。在这项研究中,对来自美国,中国,印度,日本,韩国,科威特,马来西亚和越南的普通人群收集的315个尿液样品进行了高浓度分析,分析了总BPS(游离态和结合态)浓度的存在。高效液相色谱串联质谱(HPLC-MS / MS)。在所分析的81%尿液样品中检测到BPS,浓度范围低于定量限(LOQ; 0.02 ng / mL)至21 ng / mL(几何平均值:0.168 ng / mL)。各国的尿液中BPS的浓度各不相同,在日本的尿液样本中发现BPS的几何平均最高浓度[1.18 ng / mL或0.933 /μg/ g肌酐(Cre)],其次是美国的(0.299 ng / mL ,0.304μg/ g Cre),中国(0.226 ng / mL,0.223μg/ g Cre),科威特(0.172 ng / mL,0.126 / ig / g Cre)和越南(0.160 ng / mL,0.148μg/ g Cre )。亚洲国家尿液样本中BPS的中值浓度比同一组样本中早先报道的BPA的中值浓度低1个数量级,但日本样本除外。性别之间的BPS浓度没有显着差异(男性对女性),年龄组(≤19、20-29、30-39、40-49和≥50岁)或种族(白种人与亚洲)。使用简单的药代动力学方法根据尿液浓度估算BPS的每日摄入量(EDI)。日本,中国,美国,科威特,越南,马来西亚,印度和韩国的BPS EDI中值分别为1.67、0.339、0.316、0.292、0、217、0.122、0.084和0.023μg/人。这是第一项报道人尿中BPS发生的研究。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2012年第12期|p.6860-6866|共7页
  • 作者单位

    Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of PublicHealth, State University of New York at Albany, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, New York 12201-0509, United States,Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China;

    Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of PublicHealth, State University of New York at Albany, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, New York 12201-0509, United States;

    Biotechnology Department, Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, 13109 Safat, Kuwait;

    Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Street, Hanoi, Vietnam;

    Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;

    Department of Environmental Marine Sciences, College of Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, South Korea;

    Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan;

    Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, and Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of PublicHealth, State University of New York at Albany, Empire State Plaza, P.O. Box 509, Albany, New York 12201-0509, United States,International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 1S0090, China;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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