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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Reducing Energy Demand: What Are the Practical Limits?
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Reducing Energy Demand: What Are the Practical Limits?

机译：减少能源需求：实际限制是什么？

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摘要

Concern over the global energy system, whether driven by climate change, national security, or fears of shortage, is being discussed widely and in every arena but with a bias toward energy supply options. While demand reduction is often mentioned in passing, it is rarely a priority for implementation, whether through policy or through the search for innovation. This paper aims to draw attention to the opportunity for major reduction in energy demand, by presenting an analysis of how much of current global energy demand could be avoided- Previous work led to a "map" of global energy use that traces the flow of energy from primary sources (fuels or renewable sources), through fuel refinery, electricity generation, and end-use conversion devices, to passive systems and the delivery of final energy services (transport, illumination, and sustenance). The key passive systems are presented here and analyzed through simple engineering models with scalar equations using data based on current global practice. Physically credible options for change to key design parameters are identified and used to predict the energy savings possible for each system. The result demonstrates that 73% of global energy use could be saved by practically achievable design changes to passive systems. This reduction could be increased by further efficiency improvements in conversion devices. A list of the solutions required to achieve these savings is provided.
机译：无论是由于气候变化，国家安全还是对短缺的担忧，对全球能源系统的关注都在各个领域得到了广泛讨论，但偏向能源供应选择。虽然经常提到减少需求，但无论是通过政策还是通过寻求创新，减少需求很少是执行的重点。本文旨在通过分析当前可以避免多少全球能源需求来吸引人们对大幅减少能源需求的机会的关注—先前的工作导致了追踪能源流动的全球能​​源使用“图”从主要来源（燃料或可再生资源），到炼油厂，发电和最终用途转换设备，再到无源系统和最终能源服务（运输，照明和维持）的提供。此处介绍了关键的无源系统，并通过简单的工程模型使用标量方程式进行了分析，并使用了基于当前全球实践的数据。确定更改关键设计参数的物理上可靠的选项，并将其用于预测每个系统可能节省的能源。结果表明，通过对无源系统进行切实可行的设计更改，可以节省全球73％的能源使用。可以通过进一步提高转换设备的效率来增加这种减少。提供了实现这些节省所需的解决方案列表。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2011年第4期|p.1711-1718|共8页
  • 作者

    Jonathan M. Cullen; Julian M. Alhvood; Edward H. Borgstein;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Engineering,University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom;

    Department of Engineering,University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom;

    Department of Engineering,University of Cambridge, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
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