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Concentrating-Solar Biomass Gasification Process for a 3rd Generation Biofuel

机译：第三代生物燃料的浓缩太阳能生物质气化工艺

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摘要

A new concept of producing synfuel from biomass using concentrating solar energy as its main energy source is proposed in this paper. The aim of the concept is to obtain an easy to handle fuel with near-zero CO_2 emission and reduced land-use requirements compared to first and second generation biofuels. The concept's key feature is the use of high-temperature heat from a solar concentrating tower to drive the chemical process of converting biomass to a biofuel, obtaining a near-complete utilization of carbon atoms in the biomass. H_2 from water electrolysis with solar power is used for reverse water gas shift to avoid producing CO_2 during the process. In a chemical process simulation, we compare the solar biofuel concept with two other advanced synfuel concepts: second generation biofuel and coal-to-liquid, both using gasification technology and capture and storage of CO_2 generated in the fuel production. The solar-driven third generation biofuel requires only 33% of the biomass input and 38% of total land as the second generation biofuel, while still exhibiting a CO_2-neutral fuel cycle. With CO_2 capture, second generation biofuel would lead to the removal of 50% of the carbon in the biomass from the atmosphere. There is a trade-off between reduced biomass feed costs and the increased capital requirements for the solar-driven process; it is attractive at intermediate biomass and CO_2 prices.
机译：提出了一种以聚光太阳能为主要能源，由生物质生产合成燃料的新概念。与第一代和第二代生物燃料相比，该概念的目的是获得一种易于处理的燃料，其CO_2排放几乎为零，并减少了土地使用要求。该概念的关键特征是利用来自太阳能集热塔的高温热量来推动将生物质转化为生物燃料的化学过程，从而实现生物质中碳原子的近乎完全的利用。太阳能水电解制得的H_2用于逆向水煤气变换，以避免在此过程中产生CO_2。在化学过程模拟中，我们将太阳能生物燃料概念与其他两种先进的合成燃料概念进行了比较：第二代生物燃料和煤制油，两者均使用了气化技术，并捕获和存储了燃料生产中产生的CO_2。太阳能驱动的第三代生物燃料仅需要33％的生物质输入量和38％的总土地作为第二代生物燃料，同时仍具有CO_2中性燃料循环。通过捕获CO_2，第二代生物燃料将导致从大气中清除生物质中50％的碳。在降低生物质饲料成本和增加太阳能驱动工艺的资本要求之间需要权衡；它在生物质和二氧化碳的中间价格上具有吸引力。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2009年第11期|4207-4212|共6页
  • 作者

    EDGAR G. HERTWICH; XIANGPING ZHANG;

  • 作者单位

    Industrial Ecology Programme and Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway;

    Industrial Ecology Programme and Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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