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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Evaluating Indoor Exposure Modeling Alternatives for LCA: A Case Study in the Vehicle Repair Industry
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Evaluating Indoor Exposure Modeling Alternatives for LCA: A Case Study in the Vehicle Repair Industry

机译：评估LCA的室内暴露模型替代方案：以汽车维修行业为例

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摘要

We evaluated three exposure models with data obtained from measurements among workers who use "aerosol" solvent products in the vehicle repair industry and with field experiments using these products to simulate the same exposure conditions. The three exposure models were the (1) homogeneously mixed-one-box model, (2) multizone model, and (3) eddy-diffusion model. Temporally differentiated realtime breathing zone volatile organic compound (VOC) concentration measurements, integrated far-field area samples, and simulated experiments were used in estimating parameters, such as emission rates, diffusivity, and near-field dimensions. We assessed differences in model input requirements and their efficacy for predictive modeling. The One-box model was not able to resemble the temporal profile of exposure concentrations, but it performed well concerning time-weighted exposure over extended time periods. However, this model required an adjustment for spatial concentration gradients. Multizone models and diffusion-models may solve this problem. However, we found thatthe reliable use of both these models requires extensive field data to appropriately define pivotal parameters such as diffusivity or near-field dimensions. We conclude that it is difficult to apply these models for predicting VOC exposures in the workplace. However, for comparative exposure scenarios in life-cycle assessment they may be useful.
机译：我们使用在汽车维修行业中使用“气溶胶”溶剂产品的工人的测量数据以及使用这些产品模拟相同暴露条件的现场试验，评估了三种暴露模型。三种暴露模型分别是（1）均匀混合一箱模型，（2）多区域模型和（3）涡流扩散模型。时差实时呼吸区挥发性有机化合物（VOC）浓度测量，集成的远场面积样本和模拟实验用于估算参数，例如发射率，扩散率和近场尺寸。我们评估了模型输入需求中的差异及其对预测模型的有效性。单箱模型不能类似于暴露浓度的时间分布，但是在长时间内的时间加权暴露方面表现良好。但是，该模型需要调整空间浓度梯度。多区域模型和扩散模型可以解决此问题。然而，我们发现这两种模型的可靠使用都需要大量的现场数据来适当定义关键参数，例如扩散率或近场尺寸。我们得出结论，很难将这些模型用于预测工作场所中的VOC暴露。但是，对于生命周期评估中的比较暴露场景，它们可能会有用。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2009年第15期|5804-5810|共7页
  • 作者

    EVANGELIA DEMOU; STEFANIE HELLWEG; MICHAEL P. WILSON; S. KATHARINE HAMMOND; THOMAS E. MCKONE;

  • 作者单位

    Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zuerich, Switzerland;

    Institute of Environmental Engineering, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zuerich, Switzerland;

    Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720;

    School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720;

    School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 University of California Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, One Cyclotron Road, 90R3058, Berkeley, California 94720;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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