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Solute Coupled Diffusion in Osmotically Driven Membrane Processes

机译：渗透驱动膜过程中的溶质耦合扩散

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摘要

Forward osmosis (FO) is an emerging water treatment technology with potential applications in desalination and wastewater reclamation. In FO, water is extracted from a feed solution using the high osmotic pressure of a hypertonic solution that flows on the opposite side of a semipermeable membrane; however, solutes diffuse simultaneously through the membrane in both directions and may jeopardize the process. In this study, we have comprehensively explored the effects of different operating conditions onthe forward diffusion of solutes commonly found in brackish water and seawater, and reverse diffusion of common draw solution solutes. Results show that reverse transport of solutes through commercially available FO membranes range between 80 mg to nearly 3,000 mg per liter of water produced. Divalent feed solutes have low permeation rates (less than 1 mmol/m~2-hr) while monovalent ions and uncharged solutes exhibit higher permeation. Findings have significant implications on the performance and sustainability of the FO process.
机译：正向渗透（FO）是一种新兴的水处理技术，具有在淡化和废水回收中的潜在应用。在FO中，使用高渗溶液的高渗透压从饲料溶液中提取水，高渗溶液在半透膜的相反侧流动；但是，溶质会同时在两个方向上同时扩散穿过膜，并可能危及该过程。在这项研究中，我们全面研究了不同操作条件对微咸水和海水中常见溶质的正向扩散以及常见汲取溶液溶质的反向扩散的影响。结果表明，每升产生的水，溶质通过市售FO膜的反向转运范围为80 mg至近3,000 mg。二价进料溶质的渗透率较低（小于1 mmol / m〜2小时），而一价离子和不带电的溶质则具有较高的渗透率。调查结果对FO过程的性能和可持续性具有重大影响。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2009年第17期|6769-6775|共7页
  • 作者

    NATHAN T. HANCOCK; TZAHI Y. CATH;

  • 作者单位

    Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401;

    Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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