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Aircraft-Based Measurements of the Carbon Footprint of Indianapolis

机译：基于飞机的印第安纳波利斯碳足迹测量

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摘要

The quantification of greenhouse gas emissions requires high precision measurements made with high spatial resolution. Here we describe measurements of carbon dioxide (CO_2) and methane (CH_4) conducted using Purdue University's Airborne Laboratory for Atmospheric Research (ALAR), aimed at the quantification of the "footprints" for these greenhouse gases for Indianapolis, IN. A cavity ring-down spectrometer measured atmospheric concentrations, and flask samples were obtained at various points for comparison. Coupled with pressure, temperature, and model-derived horizontal winds, these measurements allow for flux estimation. Long horizontal transects were flown perpendicular to the wind downwind of the city. Emissions were calculated using the wind speed and the difference between the concentration in the plume and the background concentration. A kriging method is applied to interpolate the measured values to a vertical plane traced out by the flight pattern within the mixed layer. Results show the urban plume is clearly distinguishable in the downwind concentrations for most flights. Additionally, there is large variability in the measured day-to-day emissions fluxes as well as in the relative CH_4 and CO_2 fluxes. Uncertainties in the method are discussed, and its potential utility in determining sector-based emission factors is shown.
机译：温室气体排放的量化需要以高空间分辨率进行的高精度测量。在这里，我们描述了使用普渡大学大气研究实验室（ALAR）进行的二氧化碳（CO_2）和甲烷（CH_4）的测量，目的是量化印第安纳州印第安纳波利斯的这些温室气体的“足迹”。用腔衰荡光谱仪测量大气浓度，并在各个点获得烧瓶样品以进行比较。结合压力，温度和模型得出的水平风，这些测量值可以进行通量估算。长条横断面垂直于城市的顺风飞行。使用风速以及羽流中的浓度与背景浓度之差计算排放量。应用克里金法将测量值插值到混合层内的飞行模式所描绘的垂直平面上。结果表明，在大多数飞行中，市区羽流在顺风集中度上明显可区分。另外，测得的日常排放通量以及相对的CH_4和CO_2通量也存在很大的差异。讨论了该方法的不确定性，并显示了其在确定基于部门的排放因子方面的潜在效用。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2009年第20期|7816-7823|共8页
  • 作者

    KELLY L. MAYS; PAUL B. SHEPSON; BRIAN H. STIRM; ANNA KARION; COLM SWEENEY; KEVIN R. GURNEY;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana;

    Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906;

    Department of Aviation Technology, Purdue University, 1401 Aviation Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907;

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305;

    National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, Colorado 80305;

    Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, 15 West State Street, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
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  • 正文语种 eng
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