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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Altitudinal and Seasonal Variations of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Bolivian Andes Mountains
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Altitudinal and Seasonal Variations of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Bolivian Andes Mountains

机译：玻利维亚安第斯山脉中持久性有机污染物的时空变化

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Polyurethane foam disk passive air samplers were deployed over four periods of approximately 3 months along an altitudinal gradient (1820, 2600, 4650, and 5200 masl) on the east side of the Andean mountain range in Bolivia. The purpose of the study was to assess the gas-phase concentration and the altitudinal and seasonal trends of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Target compounds that were regularly detected included a- andγy-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), endosulfans, and select PCB congeners. Endosulfans and HCH concentrations increased with altitude. Enrichment factors (concentration at the highest altitude divided by concentration at the lowest altitude) ranged from 10 to 20 for HCHs and 3 to 10 for endosulfans. Air parcel back trajectory analysis indicated that in general, the high-altitude sites were exposed to a larger airshed and hence susceptible to long-range atmospheric transport from more distant regions. Seasonal differences were also observed with ∑HCH concentrations peaking during periods 2 and 3 (March-September 2005). Airsheds (derived from the analysis of back trajectories) for periods 2 and 3 were less oriented along the Andes range (mountain air) with greater input from coastal regions. Endosulfans peaked during periods 1 and 2 (February-June 2005) and also exhibited the highest air concentrations of the target compounds, reaching ～1500 pg/m~3 at the two highest elevation sites. PCB air concentrations at all sites were generally typical of global background values (<12 pg/m~3) and showed no increase with altitude. This is the first study to measure air concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Bolivia and one of only a few studies to investigate altitudinal gradients of POPs.
机译：在玻利维亚的安第斯山脉东侧，沿着海拔梯度（1820、2600、4650和5200马斯拉），在大约3个月的四个时期内部署了聚氨酯泡沫盘式被动空气采样器。该研究的目的是评估有机氯农药和多氯联苯（PCBs）的气相浓度以及海拔和季节趋势。定期检测到的目标化合物包括α-和γy-六氯环己烷（HCH），硫丹和某些PCB同系物。硫丹和六氯环己烷的浓度随海拔升高而增加。六氯环己烷的富集因子（最高海拔的浓度除以最低海拔的浓度）在10至20之间，硫丹在3至10之间。航空器后退轨迹分析表明，一般而言，高空地点暴露于更大的气隙中，因此很容易受到来自更远地区的远距离大气传输的影响。在第2和第3期（2005年3月至9月），∑HCH浓度达到峰值，也发现了季节性差异。第2阶段和第3阶段的流域（根据后向轨迹的分析得出）沿安第斯山脉（山地空气）的朝向较少，沿海地区的投入较大。硫丹在第1和第2期（2005年2月至6月）达到峰值，并且还显示出目标化合物的最高空气浓度，在两个海拔最高的地点达到约1500 pg / m〜3。所有地点的PCB空气浓度通常是全球本底值的典型值（<12 pg / m〜3），并且没有随海拔高度增加。这是玻利维亚首项测量持久性有机污染物（POPs）空气浓度的研究，也是调查POPs的垂直梯度的仅有的几项研究之一。

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