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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >N-15 NMR Study of the Immobilization of 2,4- and 2,6-Dinitrotoluene in Aerobic Compost
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N-15 NMR Study of the Immobilization of 2,4- and 2,6-Dinitrotoluene in Aerobic Compost

机译：N-15 NMR研究好氧堆肥中2,4-和2,6-二硝基甲苯的固定化

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摘要

Large-scale aerobic windrow composting has been used to bioremediate washout lagoon soils contaminated with the explosives TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) and RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine) at several sites within the United States. We previously used ~(15)N NMR to investigate the reduction and binding of T~(15)NT in aerobic bench -scale reactors simulating the conditions of windrow composting. These studies have been extended to 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4DNT) and 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6DNT), which, as impurities in TNT, are usually present wherever soils have been contaminated with TNT. Liquid-state ~(15)N NMR analyses of laboratory reactions between 4-methyl-3-nitroaniline-~(15)N,the major monoamine reduction product of 2,4DNT, and the Elliot soil humic acid, both in the presence and absence of horseradish peroxidase, indicated that the amine underwent covalent binding with quinone and other carbonyl groups in the soil humic acid to form both heterocyclic and non-heterocyclic condensation products. Liquid-state ~(15)N NMR analyses of the methanol extracts of 20 day aerobic bench-scale composts of 2,4-di-~(15)N-nitrotoluene and 2,6-di-~(15)N-nitrotoluene revealed the presence of nitrite and monoamine, but not diamine, reduction products, indicating the occurrence of both dioxygenase enzyme and reductive degradation pathways. Solid-state CP/MAS ~(15)N NMR analyses of the whole composts, however, suggested that reduction to monoamines followed by covalent binding of the amines to organic matter was the predominant pathway.
机译：大规模好氧堆肥已经被用于生物修复冲刷的泻湖土壤，该土壤被炸药TNT（2,4,6-三硝基甲苯）和RDX（六氢-1,3,5-三硝基-1,3,5-三嗪）污染。美国境内的几个站点。我们以前曾使用〜（15）N NMR研究模拟有序堆肥条件的好氧台式反应器中T〜（15）NT的还原和结合。这些研究已扩展到2,4-二硝基甲苯（2,4DNT）和2,6-二硝基甲苯（2,6DNT），它们作为TNT中的杂质，通常存在于被TNT污染的土壤中。液相〜（15）N NMR分析在存在和存在下4-甲基-3-硝基苯胺-（15D）N（2,4DNT的主要单胺还原产物）与Elliot土壤腐殖酸之间的实验室反应辣根过氧化物酶的缺失表明胺与土壤腐殖酸中的醌和其他羰基进行了共价结合，从而形成杂环和非杂环缩合产物。 20天需氧量的2,4-二-〜（15）N-硝基甲苯和2,6-二-〜（15）N-硝基甲苯的20天好氧堆肥的甲醇提取物的液相〜（15）N NMR分析揭示了亚硝酸盐和一元胺（而不是二胺）还原产物的存在，表明双加氧酶和还原性降解途径的发生。整个堆肥的固态CP / MAS〜（15）N NMR分析表明，还原成单胺，然后将胺与有机物共价结合是主要途径。

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