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Evidence for the Incorporation of Lead into Barite from Waste Rock Pile Materials

机译：废石堆物料中铅掺入重晶石中的证据

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Because Pb is one of the most toxic elements and is found as a major contaminant in mining environments, this study aims to identify the distribution of this element in host phases issued from the alteration of mine wastes. The sampling location was a former mine near Oakland, California (USA). This mine was once a source of sulfide minerals from which sulfuric acid was made. The material discussed in this paper was collected in iron hardpans that were formed within the waste rock pile resulting from the excavation work. In most contaminated environments (soils, mine waste), secondary metal-bearing phases arising from alteration processes are usually fine-grained (from 10 μm to less than 1 μm) and highly heterogeneous, requiring the use of micron-scale techniques. We performed micro-Raman spectroscopy, microscanning X-ray diffraction (SXRD), and microextended X-ray near edge spectroscopy (XANES) to determine the relationships between Pb and a Ba/Fe-rich host phase. Micro-Raman spectroscopy suggests that Pb is preferentially incorporated into barite rather than goethite. Results from micro-Raman experiments show the high sensitivity of this analytical tool to the incorporation of Pb into barite by being especially sensitive to the variations of the S-0 bond and showing the characteristic bands due to the contribution of Pb. This association is confirmed and is well-illustrated by micro-SXRD mineral species maps showing the correlation between Pb and barite. Microfocused XANES indicates that Pb is present as Pb~(2+), agreeing with the in situ physicochemical parameters.
机译：由于Pb是最有毒的元素之一，并且被发现是采矿环境中的主要污染物，因此本研究旨在确定这种元素在矿山废物变化产生的宿主相中的分布。采样地点是美国加利福尼亚州奥克兰附近的一处前矿山。该矿曾经是硫化物矿物的来源，而硫酸是由该矿物制成的。本文中讨论的材料收集在铁硬盘中，这些硬盘是开挖工作在the石堆中形成的。在大多数受污染的环境（土壤，矿山废料）中，由蚀变过程引起的二次金属轴​​承相通常是细颗粒的（从10μm到小于1μm），并且是高度异质的，需要使用微米级技术。我们进行了显微拉曼光谱，显微扫描X射线衍射（SXRD）和微扩展X射线近边缘光谱（XANES），以确定Pb与富含Ba / Fe的主体相之间的关系。显微拉曼光谱表明，铅优先掺入重晶石而不是针铁矿。显微拉曼实验的结果表明，该分析工具对P-0掺入重晶石具有很高的敏感性，因为它对S-0键的变化特别敏感，并显示了由于Pb的贡献引起的特征谱带。这种联系已得到证实，并通过显示铅和重晶石之间相关性的微型SXRD矿物物种图得到了很好的说明。微聚焦XANES表明Pb以Pb〜（2+）的形式存在，与原位理化参数一致。

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