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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Abiotic Transformation of Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) by Green Rusts
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Abiotic Transformation of Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) by Green Rusts

机译：Green Rusts对六氢-1,3,5-三硝基-1,3,5-三嗪（RDX）的非生物转化

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摘要

The rate and extent of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) transformation was measured in the presence of carbonate and sulfate green rust suspended in solutions containing common groundwater anions. Formaldehyde (HCHO), nitrous oxide gas (N_20(g)), and ammonium (NH_4~+ were the major end products, accounting for about 70% of the carbon mass balance and about half of the nitrogen mass balance. Results from experiments with both ~(14)C-RDX and LC-MS analysis indicate that the remaining carbon products are soluble and most likely small (<50 Da). The transient appearance of 1,3-dinitro-5-nitroso-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (MNX), 1,3-dinitroso-5-nitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (DNX), and 1,3,5-trinitroso-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (TNX) indicate that some nitro-group reduction occurred. The kinetics of RDX transformation was rapid with a half-life of less than an hour in a pH 7.0 KBr solution. Little difference in rates of RDX transformation or product distribution was observed between carbonate and sulfate green rust and an apparent reaction order of 1.0 was measured with respect to Fe(ll) in both green rusts. Phosphate anions completely inhibited RDX reduction, and carbonate and sulfate anions resulted in slower kinetics, and in some cases, an initial lag period, compared to bromide and chloride. Our results suggest that green rusts may contribute to abiotic natural attenuation of RDX in Fe-rich subsurface environments, but that it will be important to consider groundwater composition when assessing rates of attenuation.
机译：在悬浮于含有常见地下水阴离子的溶液中存在碳酸盐和硫酸盐绿锈的情况下，测量六氢-1,3,5-三硝基-1,3,5-三嗪（RDX）的转化率和程度。甲醛（HCHO），一氧化二氮气体（N_20（g））和铵（NH_4〜+）是主要的最终产物，约占碳质量平衡的70％，氮质量平衡的一半。 〜（14）C-RDX和LC-MS分析均表明剩余的碳产物是可溶的，并且很可能很小（<50 Da）。1,3-二硝基-5-亚硝基-1,3,5的瞬时出现-三氮杂环己烷（MNX），1,3-二亚硝基-5-硝基-1,3,5-三氮杂环己烷（DNX）和1,3,5-三亚硝基-1,3,5-三氮杂环己烷（TNX）表示某些硝基在pH 7.0 KBr溶液中RDX转化动力学迅速，半衰期少​​于一个小时，碳酸盐和硫酸盐生铁锈之间RDX转化速率或产物分布几乎没有差异，并且明显两种生铁锈中的Fe（II）的反应阶数均为1.0，磷酸根阴离子完全抑制了RDX的还原，碳酸根和硫酸根阴离子与溴化物和氯化物相比，ns导致动力学变慢，并且在某些情况下导致初始滞后期。我们的结果表明，绿锈可能有助于富铁地下环境中RDX的非生物自然衰减，但是在评估衰减率时考虑地下水成分将非常重要。

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  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2008年第11期|p.3975-3981|共7页
  • 作者

    PHILIP LARESE-CASANOVA; MICHELLE M. SCHERER;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Iowa 4126 Seamans Center, Iowa City, Iowa 52240;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 环境化学;
  • 关键词

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