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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >A Mixed-Unit Input-Output Model for Environmental Life-Cycle Assessment and Material Flow Analysis
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A Mixed-Unit Input-Output Model for Environmental Life-Cycle Assessment and Material Flow Analysis

机译：用于环境生命周期评估和物料流分析的混合单位投入产出模型

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Materials flow analysis models have traditionally been used to track the production, use, and consumption of materials. Economic input-output modeling has been used for environmental systems analysis, with a primary benefit being the capability to estimate direct and indirect economic and environmental impacts across the entire supply chain of production in an economy. We combine these two types of models to create a mixed-unit input-output model that is able to better track economic transactions and material flows throughout the economy associated with changes in production. A 13 by 13 economic input-output direct requirements matrix developed by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis is augmented with material flow data derived from those published by the U.S. Geological Survey in the formulation of illustrative mixed-unit input-output models for lead and cadmium. The resulting model provides the capabilities of both material flow and input-output models, with detailed material tracking through entire supply chains in response to any monetary or material demand. Examples of these models are provided along with a discussion of uncertainty and extensions to these models.
机译：传统上已使用物料流分析模型来跟踪物料的生产，使用和消耗。经济投入产出模型已用于环境系统分析，其主要好处是能够估算整个经济体整个生产供应链中的直接和间接经济和环境影响。我们将这两种类型的模型结合在一起，以创建一个混合单位投入产出模型，该模型能够更好地跟踪与生产变化相关的整个经济中的经济交易和物料流。由美国经济分析局开发的13 x 13经济投入产出直接需求矩阵，根据美国地质调查局发布的物质流量数据进行了补充，用于制定铅和镉的混合单位投入产出模型。生成的模型提供了物料流模型和投入产出模型的功能，并响应任何货币或物料需求，对整个供应链进行了详细的物料跟踪。提供了这些模型的示例，以及对这些模型的不确定性和扩展性的讨论。

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