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Toxicity of Parked Motor Vehicle Indoor Air

机译：停放的机动车室内空气的毒性

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The interior of motor vehicles is made of a wide variety of synthetic materials, which emit volatile organic compounds (VOC). We tested the health effects of emissions from vehicles exposed to "parked in sunshine" conditions. A new and a 3 year old vehicle with identical interior were exposed to 14 000 W of light. Indoor air was analyzed by GC-MS. Toxicity of extracts of indoor air was assayed in human primary keratinocytes, human lung epithelial A549 cell line, and Chinese hamster V79 lung fibroblasts. In addition, toxicity after metabolic activation by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP1B1, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, and CYP2E1 was assayed. The effect on type Ⅰ allergic reaction (IgE-mediated immune response), type Ⅳ allergic reaction (T-cell mediated immune response), and irritative potential was evaluated also. A total of 10.9 and 1.2 mg/m~3 VOC were found in new and used motor vehicle indoor air, respectively. The major compounds in the new vehicle were o,m,p-xylenes, C_3 and C_4-alkylbenzenes, dodecane, tridecane, and methylpyrrolidinone. In the used vehicle they were acetone, methylpyrrolidinone, methylcyclohexane, acetaldehyde, o,m,p-xylenes, ethylhexanol, and toluene. No toxicity was observed in any cell line with or without metabolic activation. Neither did we find an effect on type Ⅳ sensitization or an irritative potential. A slight but statistically significant aggravating effect on IgE-mediated immune response of only the new vehicle indoor air was determined (p < 0.05). The IgE-response modulating effect of indoor air might be relevant for atopic individuals. Else no direct toxicity, no toxicity after metabolic activation by cytochrome P450, and no irritative or type Ⅳ sensitizing potential of motor vehicle indoor air were found, neither from the new nor used vehicle. Our investigations indicated no apparent health hazard of parked motor vehicle indoor air.
机译：机动车的内部由多种合成材料制成，这些合成材料会散发挥发性有机化合物（VOC）。我们测试了暴露于“停在阳光下”条件下的车辆排放的健康影响。一辆内部相同的新旧3年车暴露于14000 W的光线下。通过GC-MS分析室内空气。在人原代角质形成细胞，人肺上皮A549细胞系和中国仓鼠V79肺成纤维细胞中测定了室内空气提取物的毒性。此外，测定了被CYP1A1，CYP1A2，CYP1B1，CYP2A6，CYP2B6和CYP2E1代谢激活后的毒性。还评估了对Ⅰ型过敏反应（IgE介导的免疫反应），Ⅳ型过敏反应（T细胞介导的免疫反应）和刺激电位的影响。在新的和使用过的汽车室内空气中分别发现了10.9和1.2 mg / m〜3的VOC。新载体中的主要化合物是邻，间，对二甲苯，C 3和C 4烷基苯，十二烷，十三烷和甲基吡咯烷酮。在用过的载体中，它们是丙酮，甲基吡咯烷酮，甲基环己烷，乙醛，邻，间，对二甲苯，乙基己醇和甲苯。在任何具有或不具有代谢活化的细胞系中均未观察到毒性。我们都没有发现对Ⅳ型致敏作用或刺激性电位。仅对新的车内空气，对IgE介导的免疫反应的轻微但有统计学意义的加重作用被确定（p <0.05）。室内空气的IgE响应调节作用可能与特应性个体有关。在新车和二手车上都没有发现直接毒性，没有被细胞色素P450代谢激活后的毒性，也没有发现对机动车室内空气的刺激性或Ⅳ型致敏性。我们的调查表明，停放的机动车室内空气没有明显的健康危害。

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