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On-board generation of a highly volatile starting fuel to reduce automobile cold-start emissions

机译:车载生成高挥发性的起始燃料,以减少汽车的冷启动排放

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摘要

The on-board distillation system (OBDS) was developed to extract, from gasoline, a high-volatility fuel for exclusive use during the starting and warm-up periods. The use of OBDS distillate fuel results in much improved mixture preparation, allowing combinations of air/fuel ratio and ignition timing that are not possible with gasoline, even with a fully warm engine. The volatility of the distillate is a function of the parent fuel volatility; however, the variability in distillate quality can be diminished via manipulation of the OBDS operating conditions. Thus, it is possible to develop aggressive starting calibrations that are relatively immune to variations in pump gasoline volatility. The key benefits provided by the OBDS fuel relative to standard gasoline were found to be (1) improved mixture preparation allowing a 70% reduction of cranking fuel requirements, elimination of air-fuel mixture enrichment during the warm-up period, and significant extension of warm-up ignition timing retard; (2) a 57% decrease in catalyst light-off time, (3) emissions reductions over the FTP drive cycle of 81% for regulated hydrocarbons (NMOG); (4) emissions index (NMOG) approaching that of SULEV/PZEV vehicles; and (5) an apparent 1% increase in fuel economy over the FTP drive cycle.
机译:车载蒸馏系统(OBDS)的开发目的是从汽油中提取高挥发性燃料,供在启动和预热期间专用。 OBDS馏分燃料的使用大大改善了混合物的制备,即使是全热发动机,也可以实现汽油无法实现的空燃比和点火正时的组合。馏出物的挥发性是母体燃料挥发性的函数。但是,可以通过控制OBDS操作条件来减少馏出液质量的变化。因此,有可能开发出积极的启动标定,这些标定相对不受泵汽油挥发性的变化的影响。发现OBDS燃料相对于标准汽油提供的主要好处是(1)改进了混合物的制备,可将起动燃料需求降低70%,消除了预热期间空气燃料混合物的浓集,并显着延长了预热点火正时延迟; (2)催化剂起燃时间减少了57%,(3)在FTP驱动循环中,对于管制烃(NMOG)的排放减少了81%; (4)接近SULEV / PZEV车辆的排放指数(NMOG); (5)在FTP驱动周期内,燃油经济性明显提高了1%。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Environmental Science & Technology》 |2006年第18期|p. 5770-5777|共8页
  • 作者

    Ashford MD; Matthews RD;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Texas, Dept Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 环境化学;
  • 关键词

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