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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >High resolution electron microscopy structural studies of organo-clay nanocomposites
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High resolution electron microscopy structural studies of organo-clay nanocomposites

机译：有机粘土纳米复合材料的高分辨率电子显微镜结构研究

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Engineering of clay nanocomposite materials by modification of their surfaces can enable the control of retention, transport, and persistence of toxic chemicals in the geosystem. The properties and interactions of clay nanocomposites have been widely studied, but little information exists on their microstructure at a range of scale extending down to atomic dimensions. The pairing of Na-montmorillonite clay with organic cations as well as with the herbicide fluridone, chosen as a model for an organic pollutant, was studied. Three organic cations were selected: hexadecyltrimethylammonium, benzyltrimethylammonium, and benzyltriethylammonium at 0%, 60%, and 100% of cation exchange capacity (CEC) loadings. A detailed microstructural analysis of the organo-clay nanocomposites and of the fluridone nanocomposites was undertaken by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Morphological observations and chemical analyses were performed simultaneously on the same sample. The combined HRTEM and EDS measurements strongly suggest (a) heterogeneous local intercalation of the organic cations manifested by a range in the measured doo, spacing, implying random expansion of the clay layered structure with increased loading of the organic cations; (b) intercalation within the external layers, which is thoroughly influenced by local defect microstructure and/or edge availability of the montmorillonite nanoparticles as well as by the molecular structure of the intercalating organic cation. Additional intercalation of fluriclone molecules did not affect the structure (doo, spacing) of the organo-clay nanocomposites.
机译：通过改性粘土纳米复合材料的表面来进行工程设计，可以控制有毒化学物质在地球系统中的保留，运输和持久性。粘土纳米复合材料的性质和相互作用已得到广泛研究，但在扩展到原子尺寸的范围内，有关其微观结构的信息很少。研究了钠蒙脱土与有机阳离子以及除草剂氟啶酮（作为有机污染物的模型）的配对。选择了三种有机阳离子：十六烷基三甲基铵，苄基三甲基铵和苄基三乙基铵，其阳离子交换容量（CEC）负载为0％，60％和100％。通过高分辨率透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）和X射线能量色散谱（EDS）对有机粘土纳米复合材料和氟啶酮纳米复合材料进行了详细的微观结构分析。对同一样品同时进行形态学观察和化学分析。 HRTEM和EDS的组合测量结果强烈表明：（a）有机阳离子的异质局部插层由测得的doo，间距范围表示，这意味着随着有机阳离子负荷的增加，粘土层状结构的随机膨胀； （b）在外层中的嵌入，这完全受蒙脱土纳米粒子的局部缺陷微观结构和/或边缘可用性以及嵌入的有机阳离子的分子结构的影响。氟里克龙分子的其他插入不会影响有机粘土纳米复合材料的结构（doo，间距）。

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