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Hierarchical responses of soil invertebrates (earthworms) to toxic metal stress

机译：土壤无脊椎动物（ear）对有毒金属胁迫的分层响应

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The concept of a hierarchical cascade of biological responses to stress occurring across different levels of biological organization is an underlying principle of both theoretical and regulatory ecology/ecotoxicology. This study investigates the reality of this cascade for earthworms exposed to toxic metal stress. Gene expression was the most sensitive endpoint (EC50 = 616 mu g Zn g(-1)) followed by the integrity of coelomocyte lysosomal membrane (EC50 = 645 mu g Zn g(-1)). This confirms that, in accordance with the cascade concept, suborganism level endpoints respond at lower metal concentrations than higher organization endpoints. The relative sensitivity of the higher organization parameters was not as predicted by the cascade. Organic material removal was more sensitive (EC50 = 997 mu g Zn g(-1)) than L. rubellus reproduction (EC50 = 3236 mu g Zn g(-1)), L. rubellus population size (EC50 = 5000-11500 mu g Zn g(-1)), and earthworm community diversity (EC50 = 1737 mu g Zn g(-1)). This can be attributed to (1) the relative insensitivity of L. rubellus to metals and (2) general toxic effects of metals on the earthworm energy budget (and thus feeding). On the basis of these results, it can be concluded that predictive assessments of the consequences of environmental stressors needs to include approaches that respect the relative sensitivities of different taxa, while retrospective appraisals should exploit the sensitivity of low organization level responses.
机译：在不同层次的生物组织中发生的对压力的生物学响应的分级级联的概念是理论和调节生态学/生态毒理学的基本原理。这项研究调查了暴露于有毒金属胁迫下的cascade的级联现实。基因表达是最敏感的终点（EC50 = 616μg Zn g（-1）），其次是结肠细胞溶酶体膜的完整性（EC50 = 645μgZn g（-1））。这证实了，根据级联概念，亚有机体水平的终点在金属浓度较低的情况下响应于较高的组织终点。较高的组织参数的相对敏感性不是级联预测的。有机物去除比风疹乳杆菌繁殖（EC50 = 3236μgZn g（-1））更敏感（EC50 = 997μgZn g（-1）），风疹乳杆菌种群规模（EC50 = 5000-11500 mu）锌锌g（-1））和worm群落多样性（EC50 = 1737锌锌g（-1））。这可以归因于（1）风疹乳杆菌对金属的相对不敏感性，以及（2）金属对worm能量收支（以及进食）的一般毒性作用。根据这些结果，可以得出结论，对环境压力源后果的预测性评估需要包括尊重不同分类单元相对敏感性的方法，而回顾性评估应利用低组织水平响应的敏感性。

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