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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Emissions of air pollutants from household stoves: Honeycomb coal versus coal cake
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Emissions of air pollutants from household stoves: Honeycomb coal versus coal cake

机译：家用炉灶排放的空气污染物：蜂窝煤与煤饼

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Domestic coal combustion can emit various air pollutants. In the present study, we measured emissions of particulate matter (PM) and gaseous pollutants from burning a specially formulated honeycomb coal (H-coal) and a coal cake (C-coal). Flue gas samples for PM2.5, PM coarse (PM2.5-10), and TSP were collected isokinetically using a cascade impactor; PM mass concentrations were determined gravimetrically. Concentrations Of SO2, NOx, and ionic Cr(VI) in PM were analyzed using spectrometric methods. Fluoride concentrations were measured using a specific ion electrode method. PM elemental components were analyzed using an X-ray fluorescence technique. Total (gas and particle phase) benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) concentration was determined using an HPLC/fluorescence method. Elemental and organic carbon contents of PM were analyzed using a thermal/optical reflectance technique. The compositional and structural differences between the H-coal and C-coal resulted in different emission characteristics. In generating 1 MJ of delivered energy, the H-coal resulted in a significant reduction in emissions of SO2 (by 68%), NOx (by 47%), and TSP (by 56%) as compared to the C-coal, whereas the emissions Of PM2.5 and total BaP from the H-coal combustion were 2-3-fold higher, indicating that improvements are needed to further reduce emissions of these pollutants in developing future honeycomb coals. Although the H-coal and the C-coal had similar emission factors for gas-phase fluoride, the H-coal had a particle-phase fluoride emission factor that was only half that of the C-coal. The H-coal had lower energy-based emissions of all the measured toxic elements in TSP but higher emissions of Cd and Ni in PM2.5.
机译：家用煤炭燃烧会排放各种空气污染物。在本研究中，我们测量了燃烧特殊配制的蜂窝煤（H型煤）和煤饼（C型煤）产生的颗粒物（PM）和气态污染物的排放量。使用级联撞击器等速地收集PM2.5，PM粗粉（PM2.5-10）和TSP的烟气样品。重量分析法测定PM质量浓度。使用分光光度法分析了PM中的SO2，NOx和离子型Cr（VI）浓度。使用特定的离子电极法测量氟化物浓度。使用X射线荧光技术分析PM元素成分。使用HPLC /荧光法测定总（气相和颗粒相）苯并[a] py（BaP）浓度。使用热/光反射技术分析了PM的元素和有机碳含量。 H煤和C煤之间的成分和结构差异导致了不同的排放特性。与C型煤相比，在产生1 MJ的输送能量时，H型煤显着减少了SO2（68％），NOx（47％）和TSP（56％）的排放量，而H煤燃烧过程中PM2.5和总BaP的排放量增加了2到3倍，这表明在开发未来的蜂窝煤中，需要进一步改善以进一步减少这些污染物的排放。尽管H煤和C煤的气相氟化物排放因子相似，但H煤的颗粒相氟化物排放因子仅为C煤的一半。在TSP中，H煤的所有测得的有毒元素的能量排放量较低，而PM2.5中的Cd和Ni排放量较高。

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