...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Environmental Science & Technology >Reducing the Sampling Frequency of Groundwater Monitoring Wells
【24h】

Reducing the Sampling Frequency of Groundwater Monitoring Wells

机译：降低地下水监测井的采样频率

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Increasing budgetary pressures are forcing organizations involved in environmental detection and monitoring to look at every potential source of cost savings, including those associated with sampling groundwater over time. Environmental personnel at the Department of Energy's Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) have long been concerned that their 700+ groundwater, monitoring wells were being sampled more often than necessary, given the arid nature and low contaminant levels (in the tens of parts per billion) present at the site. Similar questions have been raised at the Savannah River Technology Center (SRTC). In 1993, some 10000 samples were taken from 1500+ groundwater monitoring wells at the Savannah River site (SRS) at an estimated yearly cost of $10000000 in laboratory fees alone. At both sites, the issue has been how to reduce sampling costs without losing information required for decision-making. Historically, the sampling schedule for a given monitoring well at LLNL was selected largely by applying rules-of-thumb relating its location to the margins of the contaminant plume. Wells downgradient from the source and/or close to the margins were assigned more frequent schedules, while upgradient wells and wells farther from the margins were assigned less frequent schedules. The set of intervals from which selections were made were those commonly required by regulatory agencies under CERCLA guidelines: occasionally monthly but more often quarterly, semiannual, and annual. The main drawback to this approach was that it paid too little heed to the available empirical evidence on trends in concentrations of contaminants at each well.
机译：预算压力越来越大，迫使参与环境检测和监测的组织必须考虑各种可能节省成本的来源，包括与一段时间内抽取地下水有关的成本节省。能源部劳伦斯·利弗莫尔国家实验室（LLNL）的环境人员长期以来一直担心，鉴于干旱的自然环境和低污染水平（十亿分之十的几十分之几），他们的700多个地下水，监测井的采样次数比必要的多）呈现在网站上。萨凡纳河技术中心（SRTC）也提出了类似的问题。 1993年，从萨凡纳河站点（SRS）的1500多个地下水监测井中抽取了大约10000个样本，仅实验室费用就估计每年花费1000万美元。在这两个地点，一直存在的问题是如何在不损失决策所需信息的情况下降低抽样成本。从历史上看，LLNL给定监测井的采样时间表主要是通过采用将其位置与污染物羽流边缘相关的经验法则来选择的。从源头向下和/或接近边际的井的分配进度更频繁，而从边际开始的井和远离边际的井分配的进度较不频繁。进行选择的时间间隔集是监管机构根据CERCLA准则通常要求的时间间隔：偶尔是每月，但更经常是每季度，每半年和每年。这种方法的主要缺点是，它很少注意每个孔中污染物浓度趋势的现有经验证据。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号