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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >REPRODUCTIVE AND BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES OF EARTHWORMS EXPOSED TO NANO-SIZED TITANIUM DIOXIDE IN SOIL
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REPRODUCTIVE AND BEHAVIORAL RESPONSES OF EARTHWORMS EXPOSED TO NANO-SIZED TITANIUM DIOXIDE IN SOIL

机译：纳米大小的二氧化钛暴露于土壤中的生殖和行为反应

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摘要

Nanometer-sized titanium dioxide (nano-TiO_2) is found in a number of commercial products; however, its effects on soil biota are largely unknown. In the present study, earthworms (Eisenia andrei and Eisenia fetida) were exposed to three types of commercially available, uncoated TiO_2 nanomaterials with nominal diameters of 5,10, and 21 nm. Nanomaterials were characterized for particle size, agglomeration, surface charge, chemical composition, and purity. Standard lethality, reproduction, and avoidance tests, as well as a juvenile growth test, were conducted in artificial soil or field soil amended with nano-TiO_2 by two methods, liquid dispersion and dry powder mixing. All studies included a micrometer-sized TiO_2 control. Exposure to field and artificial soil containing between 200 and 10,000 mg nano-TiO_2 per kilogram of dry soil (mg/kg) had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on juvenile survival and growth, adult earthworm survival, cocoon production, cocoon viability, or total number of juveniles hatched from these cocoons. However, earthworms avoided artificial soils amended with nano-TiO_2. The lowest concentration at which avoidance was observed was between 1,000 and 5,000 mg nano-TiO_2 per kilogram of soil, depending on the TiO_2 nanomaterial applied. Furthermore, earthworms differentiated between soils amended with 10,000 mg/kg nano-TiO_2 and micrometer-sized TiO_2. A positive relationship between earthworm avoidance and TiO_2 specific surface area was observed, but the relationship between avoidance and primary particle size was not determined because of the agglomeration and aggregation of nano-TiO_2 materials. Biological mechanisms that may explain earthworm avoidance of nano-TiO_2 are discussed. Results of the present study indicate that earthworms can detect nano-TiO_2 in soil, although exposure has no apparent effect on survival or standard reproductive parameters.
机译：在许多商业产品中发现了纳米级的二氧化钛（nano-TiO_2）。然而，其对土壤生物的影响在很大程度上尚不清楚。在本研究中，earth（Eisenia andrei和Eisenia fetida）暴露于标称直径为5,10和21 nm的三种类型的可商购的，未涂覆的TiO_2纳米材料。对纳米材料的粒径，团聚，表面电荷，化学组成和纯度进行了表征。通过液体分散和干粉混合两种方法，在用纳米TiO_2改良的人造土壤或田间土壤中进行了标准的致死性，繁殖和回避测试以及幼年生长测试。所有研究都包括一个微米级的TiO_2对照。每公斤干燥土壤（mg / kg）含有200至10,000 mg纳米TiO_2的田间和人造土壤暴露对幼虫的生存和生长，成年earth的生存，茧的产生，茧的生存能力没有显着影响（p> 0.05），或从这些茧中孵出的少年总数。但是，avoided避免了用纳米TiO_2修饰的人工土壤。观察到的避免的最低浓度为每千克土壤1,000至5,000 mg纳米TiO_2，具体取决于所使用的TiO_2纳米材料。此外，earth在用10,000 mg / kg纳米TiO_2改性的土壤和微米级TiO_2的土壤中有所区分。观察到避免avoid与TiO_2比表面积之间存在正相关关系，但由于纳米TiO_2材料的团聚和聚集，未确定避免与初级粒径之间的关系。讨论了可以解释earth避免纳米TiO_2的生物学机制。本研究的结果表明，although可以检测土壤中的纳米TiO_2，尽管暴露对存活或标准生殖参数没有明显影响。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Environmental toxicology and chemistry》 |2012年第1期|p.184-193|共10页
  • 作者

    Heather McShane; Manon Sarrazin; Joann K. Whalen; William H. Hendershot; Geoffrey I. Sunahara;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Ste.-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada;

    Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council of Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;

    Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Ste.-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada;

    Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Ste.-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada;

    Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council of Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    earthworm; ecotoxicology; nanoparticle; soil; titanium dioxide;

    机译：蚯蚓;生态毒理学纳米粒子泥;二氧化钛;

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