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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >VALIDATING POTENTIAL TOXICITY ASSAYS TO ASSESS PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON TOXICITY IN POLAR SOIL
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VALIDATING POTENTIAL TOXICITY ASSAYS TO ASSESS PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON TOXICITY IN POLAR SOIL

机译：评估潜在毒性以评估极性土壤中的石油烃碳毒性

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Potential microbial activities are commonly used to assess soil toxicity of petroleum hydrocarbons (PHC) and are assumed to be a surrogate for microbial activity within the soil ecosystem. However, this assumption needs to be evaluated for frozen soil, in which microbial activity is limited by liquid water (θ_(liquied)). Influence of θ_(liquied) on in situ toxicity was evaluated and compared to the toxicity endpoints of potential microbial activities using soil from an aged diese! fuel spill at Casey Station, East Antarctica. To determine in situ toxicity, gross mineralization and nitrification rates were determined by the stable isotope dilution technique. Petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil (0-8,000 mg kg~(-1)), packed at bulk densities of 1.4, 1.7, and 2.0gcm~(-3) to manipulate liquid water content, was incubated at -5℃ for one, two, and three months. Although θ_(liquied) did not have a significant effect on gross mineralization or nitrification, gross nitrification was sensitive to PHC contamination, with toxicity decreasing over time. In contrast, gross mineralization was not sensitive to PHC contamination. Toxic response of gross nitrification was comparable to potential nitrification activity (PNA) with similar EC25 (effective concentration causing a 25% effect in the test population) values determined by both measurement endpoints (400 mg kg~(-1) for gross nitrification compared to 200 mg kg~(-1) for PNA), indicating that potential microbial activity assays are good surrogates for in situ toxicity of PHC contamination in polar regions.
机译：潜在的微生物活动通常用于评估石油烃（PHC）的土壤毒性，并被认为是土壤生态系统中微生物活动的替代物。但是，对于微生物活动受液态水（θ_（液化））限制的冷冻土壤，需要评估该假设。评估了θ_（液体）对原位毒性的影响，并将其与使用老化模具的土壤中潜在微生物活性的毒性终点进行了比较！南极洲凯西站的燃料泄漏。为了确定原位毒性，通过稳定同位素稀释技术确定总矿化和硝化速率。将被石油烃污染的土壤（0-8,000 mg kg〜（-1））分别以1.4、1.7和2.0gcm〜（-3）的堆积密度装满以控制液态水的含量，并在-5℃下保温一分钟，两个三个月。尽管θ_（液体）对总矿化或硝化没有显着影响，但总硝化对PHC污染敏感，毒性随时间降低。相反，总矿化对PHC污染不敏感。总硝化的毒性反应与潜在的硝化活性（PNA）相当，具有通过两个测量终点（400 mg kg〜（-1）的总硝化）与相似的EC25（有效浓度对测试人群造成25％的影响）值。 PNA为200 mg kg〜（-1）），表明潜在的微生物活性测定是极性区域PHC污染原位毒性的良好替代品。

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