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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >CHESAPEAKE BAY WATERSHED PESTICIDE USE DECLINES BUT TOXICITY INCREASES
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CHESAPEAKE BAY WATERSHED PESTICIDE USE DECLINES BUT TOXICITY INCREASES

机译：CHESAPEAKE湾流水农药的使用减少，但毒性增加

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Large areas of the Chesapeake Bay, USA, watershed are in agricultural land use, but there is no baywide program to track application rates of current-use pesticides in any of the watershed jurisdictions. Watershed studies demonstrate that several pesticides are present in surface and groundwater throughout the region. Between 1985 and 2004, the Maryland Department of Agriculture conducted surveys to estimate pesticide application within the state. Application rates of the dominant insecticides and herbicides were compiled over the survey period. Toxicity of the pesticides was tabulated, and the toxic units (TU) of applied active ingredients were calculated for several animal and plant species. The total mass of pesticides being applied to the watershed declined during the survey period. Due to increasing potency of the chemicals, however, total TUs applied have remained static or have significantly increased depending on the species of bioassay test organism used to assess toxicity. Applying estimates of pesticide transport into rivers in the Mississippi River basin show that significant quantities of pesticides may be entering Chesapeake Bay. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011 ;30:1223-1231.
机译：美国切萨皮克湾的大片流域被用于农业用地，但在任何一个流域辖区都没有跟踪整个海湾地区的现行农药施用量的计划。分水岭研究表明，该地区的地表水和地下水中存在多种农药。在1985年至2004年之间，马里兰州农业部进行了调查，以估算该州内的农药施用量。在调查期内汇总了主要杀虫剂和除草剂的施用率。将杀虫剂的毒性制成表格，并计算几种动物和植物物种所用活性成分的毒性单位（TU）。在调查期间，流域使用的农药总量下降了。但是，由于化学品效力的提高，所施用的总TU保持不变或已显着增加，具体取决于用于评估毒性的生物测定测试生物的种类。应用农药进入密西西比河流域河流的估计，表明大量农药可能进入切萨皮克湾。环境。毒药。化学2011; 30：1223-1231。

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