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首页> 外文期刊>Environmental toxicology and chemistry >DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRESTRIAL BIOTIC LIGAND MODEL FOR PREDICTING NICKEL TOXICITY TO BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE): ION EFFECTS AT LOW pH
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DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRESTRIAL BIOTIC LIGAND MODEL FOR PREDICTING NICKEL TOXICITY TO BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE): ION EFFECTS AT LOW pH

机译：陆生生物配体模型预测大麦（大麦）的镍毒性：低pH时的离子效应

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The focus of the present study was to investigate the potential for Al~(3+), Mg~(2+), and H~+ to influence Ni~(2+) toxicity for barley seedlings grown in acidic aqueous solutions and to assess the capacity of a two-site terrestrial biotic ligand model (tBLM) to accurately predict 50% effect activities (EA50s). To accomplish these objectives, 48-h EA50_(Ni~(2+)) values were obtained for three sets of exposures in which the pH and activity of Al~(3+) and Mg~(2+) were varied. Exposures contained both Al alone and in combination with Mg so that compound ion effects could be investigated. A tBLM was then constructed to predict EA50_(Ni~(2+)) values from the exposure solution chemistry. The results show a slight protective effect of H~- against Ni~(2+) toxicity and a strong protective effect of Mg~(2+), as indicated by a 4.6- and 8.0-fold increase in the measured EA50_(Ni~(2+)) values corresponding to changes in pH from 6.0 to 4.5 and (Mg~(2+)) from 0 to 1.40 mM, respectively. Increasing solution {Al~(3+)) from 0 to 0.5 μM had no effect on Ni~(2+) toxicity, although Al itself negatively affected root elongation. Comparison of EA50 values calculated as both Ni~(2+) and measured concentration of total Ni in the root ([Root-Ni]_T) showed [Root-Ni], to be a more normalized measure of Ni bioavailability. The strong correlation between root growth inhibition and tBLM-predicted root-Ni accumulation suggests that toxicity was influenced by Ni~(2+) binding to low-affinity ligands within the cell wall, in addition to Ni~(2-) uptake through Mg~(2+) transporters. Predicted EA50_(Ni~(2+)) values generated with the model were all within a factor of ±1.5 from measured values-a result that emphasizes the advantage of using the tBLM for risk assessment.
机译：本研究的重点是研究Al〜（3 +），Mg〜（2+）和H〜+影响酸性水溶液中生长的大麦幼苗Ni〜（2+）毒性的潜力并评估两地陆地​​生物配体模型（tBLM）准确预测50％效应活动（EA50s）的能力。为了实现这些目标，针对三组暴露获得了48 h EA50_（Ni〜（2+））值，其中Al〜（3+）和Mg〜（2+）的pH和活性均发生了变化。暴露既包含Al，也包含与Mg结合，因此可以研究复合离子效应。然后构建了一个tBLM，以根据暴露溶液化学反应预测EA50_（Ni〜（2+））值。结果表明，H〜-对Ni〜（2+）毒性有轻微的保护作用，而Mg〜（2+）有很强的保护作用，如测得的EA50_（Ni〜）增加了4.6倍和8.0倍（2+））值分别对应于pH从6.0到4.5的变化和（Mg〜（2+））从0到1.40 mM的变化。尽管Al本身对根伸长有负面影响，但将溶液{Al〜（3+））从0增加到0.5μM对Ni〜（2+）毒性没有影响。比较以Ni〜（2+）和根中测得的总Ni浓度（[Root-Ni] _T）计算的EA50值，可以发现[Root-Ni]是对Ni生物利用度的更规范化度量。根生长抑制与tBLM预测的根Ni积累之间的强相关性表明，除了通过镁吸收Ni〜（2-）之外，Ni〜（2+）与细胞壁内低亲和力配体的结合还影响了毒性。 〜（2+）个转运蛋白。该模型生成的预测EA50_（Ni〜（2+））值均在测量值的±1.5范围内-这一结果强调了使用tBLM进行风险评估的优势。

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